{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T22:53:51Z","timestamp":1789512831848,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Intracranial arteriosclerosis (large\u2010 and small\u2010vessel disease) is considered a risk factor for major neurological disorders, such as stroke, cognitive impairment, and dementia. While most studies investigating intracranial arteriosclerosis include individuals from industrialized populations, the prevalence and clinical meaning of intracranial vascular calcifications in populations with a subsistence lifestyle is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">In this population\u2010based study evaluating data collected between 2017 and 2019 from Tsimane and Moseten people, 2 indigenous populations of forager\u2010horticulturalists living in the Bolivian Amazon, we used computed tomography to determine the prevalence of vascular calcifications in the intracranial internal carotid arteries, vertebral arteries, and lenticulostriate arteries within the basal ganglia, and their association with demographic characteristics, brain atrophy, cognitive performance, and clinical factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Our analysis included 1232 individuals who underwent a head computed tomography scan. Intracranial vascular calcifications were found in most individuals (&gt;90%) and their prevalence was higher than that reported for age\u2010equivalent industrialized populations. These calcifications were significantly associated with higher age, brain atrophy, worse cognitive performance, and parkinsonian symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Despite the physically active subsistence lifestyle and the low rates of typical cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery disease, intracranial vascular calcifications are common in these Bolivian Amerindian people, suggesting that alternative factors may contribute to intracranial arteriosclerosis and a novel dementia phenotype.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.125.043028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T10:14:56Z","timestamp":1769768096000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["High Prevalence of Cerebrovascular Calcifications and Clinical Correlates in Indigenous Bolivian Forager\u2010Horticulturalists: A Population\u2010Based Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5598-1369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Barisano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University","place":["Stanford, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3306-9920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bavrina","family":"Bigjahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois\u2013Chicago","place":["Chicago, USA"]},{"name":"University of Southern California","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7544-1706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grant","family":"Schleifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School","place":["Cambridge, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Ashna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]},{"name":"Python Software Foundation","place":["Wilmington, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2474-7921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy J.","family":"Mack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California","place":["Los Angeles, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6750-5175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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