{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T10:08:03Z","timestamp":1789553283402,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) disproportionately affects elderly women, with potential contributions from sex\u2010specific hormonal and physiological factors. We aimed to evaluate sex\u2010specific prognostic differences, comorbidity impacts, and guideline\u2010directed medical therapy effects in elderly patients with HFpEF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Retrospective analysis of 603 patients (age \u226560\u2009years, male: 51.6%, mean age: 79.10\u00b19.19\u2009years) newly diagnosed with HFpEF at Huadong Hospital, Fudan University (from July 2019 to June 2024) with follow\u2010up through December 2024. The primary outcome was all\u2010cause mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      The overall mortality rate was 14.2\/100 person\u2010years (women: 15.4 versus men: 13.2). Based on the gender and etiology phenotype classification for HFpEF, patients with types I\/IV HFpEF had better survival (10.0\/12.4 per 100 person\u2010years) versus those with types II\/III\/V (17.1\/22.9\/24.2 per 100 person\u2010years). Sex\u2010specific mortality peaks differed, with men having type V in 30.3\/100 person\u2010years and women having type III in 28.2\/100 person\u2010years. In Cox regression analysis, after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and hypertension, type 2 diabetes and stages 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease predicted mortality in men only (chronic kidney disease 4 or 5: hazard ratio [HR], 3.24, type 2 diabetes: HR, 2.34; both adjusted\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05) but not in women (adjusted\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt;0.1). After adjusting for age, body mass index, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and renal dysfunction, angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors reduced mortality in women (HR, 0.57; adjusted\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.027), while sodium\u2010glucose cotransporter\u20102 inhibitors reduced mortality in men (HR, 0.25; adjusted\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.021).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Mortality patterns, comorbidity impacts, and treatment responses in elderly patients with HFpEF exhibit significant sex disparities. This underscores the need for sex\u2010tailored management to optimize outcomes. These findings should be interpreted with caution given the retrospective design.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.125.046799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T11:50:46Z","timestamp":1781005846000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sex\u2010Specific Outcomes and Treatment Responses in Elderly Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Comprehensive Single\u2010Center Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3987-4763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingxuan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9950-9696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iokfai","family":"Cheang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Province Hospital","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengjiao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junchao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinyue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5746-4513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanqin","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2999-135X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huilin","family":"Che","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5000-6721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinkai","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6794-1468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinli","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Province Hospital","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2885-8224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kailei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(23)02756-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-024-01046-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.01.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.483"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-022-02650-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-025-10528-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/CJ.2020.0023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.630"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu193"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.05.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.15169"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xkme.2022.100597"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae178"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc25-S002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.969717"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2020.0282"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu216"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2107038"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-18-0792"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2021.12.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy322"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00180115"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2021.1901739"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfw452"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.414"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1908655"}],"container-title":["Journal 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