{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T11:46:00Z","timestamp":1782992760140,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Coronary arterial calcification predicts coronary events, but although intracranial arterial calcification on CT (CT\u2010IAC) is a frequent finding in older individuals, few longitudinal studies have assessed whether its severity or site predict dementia. We did a population\u2010based study in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke to assess these associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">In a matched case\u2013control study of patients with minor stroke\/transient ischemic attack nested in the population\u2010based OXVASC (Oxford Vascular Study), severity (qualitatively and semiautomated volume) and location (intimal or internal elastic lamina) of CT\u2010IAC in cases who developed dementia on follow\u2010up was compared with that in age\u2010\/sex\u2010matched controls who did not (logistic regression adjusted for other risk factors).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      In OXVASC (cases\/controls=200\/200; mean age=78.0\u00b19.3\u2009years), dementia was independently associated with severity of internal carotid artery CT\u2010IAC on visual assessment (bilateral severe\u2014adjusted OR [aOR], 2.02 [95% CI, 1.26\u20133.23],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.004) and quantitative volume (top versus bottom tertile\u2014aOR, 2.35 [95% CI, 1.33\u20134.16],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.003), driven mainly by individuals with very high calcification volumes (\u2265600\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      versus 0\u2013299\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2014aOR, 6.23 [95% CI, 1.24\u201331.24],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.026). Similar trends were observed for CT\u2010IAC in the internal carotid artery and vertebrobasilar artery combined (top versus bottom tertile\u2014aOR, 2.59[95% CI, 1.43\u20134.68],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.002), including after exclusion of recurrent stroke (aOR, 2.60 [95% CI, 1.33\u20135.08],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.005) and patients with moderate\/severe white matter disease (aOR, 3.19 [95% CI, 1.54\u20136.62],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.002). Internal carotid artery CT\u2010IAC of the internal elastic lamina independently predicted dementia after adjusting for qualitative (aOR, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.11\u20133.05,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.019) or quantitative (aOR, 1.78 [95% CI, 1.06\u20132.99],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.029) CT\u2010IAC severity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Severity of CT\u2010IAC independently predicts future dementia after stroke\/ transient ischemic attack. The extent of any nonlinearity and calcification\u2010 or dementia\u2010subtype differences should be determined in larger studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.125.046801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T12:42:02Z","timestamp":1772628122000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Severity of Intracranial Arterial Calcification on Computed Tomography and Risk of Dementia in Patients With Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: A Population\u2010Based Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7707-3158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Li (\u674e\u53ef)","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford","place":["Oxford, UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3601-9136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Simonato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford","place":["Oxford, UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9739-9211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter M.","family":"Rothwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford","place":["Oxford, UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(24)00038-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(09)70236-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(18)30442-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circimaging.117.006973"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.120.050545"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13892"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circimaging.116.005349"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.06.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-023-03069-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12626"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493016660105"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000001546"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13496"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.05.1758"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2012.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1218077"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-022-00972-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2020.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-200826"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.08.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.117.027448"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.123.065657"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14374"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(05)67702-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000137605.48864.2f"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(04)16405-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.111.633586"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.112.673384"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.114.008043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.115.009065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","first-page":"495","article-title":"Angiographic correlation of CT calcification in the carotid siphon","volume":"20","author":"Woodcock RJ","year":"1999","unstructured":"Woodcock RJ Jr, Goldstein JH, Kallmes DF, Cloft HJ, Phillips CD. Angiographic correlation of CT calcification in the carotid siphon. Am J Neuroradiol. 1999;20:495\u2013499.","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2007.00158.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.115.009716"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168360"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.111.232728"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2012.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2019.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-19425-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.118.011630"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.113.000224"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.123.320069"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fragi.2023.1211571"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.119.313879"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-020-02198-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.122.19378"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.125.046801","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T11:14:13Z","timestamp":1782990853000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.125.046801"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.125.046801"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.125.046801","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e046801"}}