{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T04:22:46Z","timestamp":1790223766778,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Disrupted circadian rhythms are associated with cardiometabolic disease. We examined associations between rest\u2010activity rhythms and cardiometabolic disease by race.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">In cross\u2010sectional analysis of the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) sleep ancillary study (2020\u20132023), 861 participants wore wrist actigraphy for 7\u2009days. Sleep Regularity Index and rest\u2010activity rhythm measures were calculated: interdaily stability, intradaily variability, relative amplitude, and most active 10\u2010hour and least active 5\u2010hour period start times. Cardiometabolic disease markers included body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, hypertension, fasting glucose, estimated insulin resistance, and diabetes. Linear regression models with interaction terms evaluated effect modification by race.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      Among 354 Black and 507 White participants, the most consistent associations were between anthropometric markers and rest\u2010activity rhythms. Except for most active 10\u2010hour start, remaining indices and Sleep Regularity Index were associated with body mass index with \u03b2 coefficients ranging from \u22121.74 to 0.86, consistent with our hypothesis that weaker rest\u2010activity rhythms relate to larger body mass index. There was some effect modification by race (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.01), with relative amplitude showing stronger associations with body mass index in White (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u22122.63 [95% CI, \u22123.34 to \u22121.93]) versus Black (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"no\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u22121.24 [95% CI, \u22121.97 to \u22120.50]) participants. Patterns, including effect modification for relative amplitude, were similar for waist circumference. Disrupted circadian indices were associated with glycemic markers, with findings generally consistent by race. Associations between rest\u2010activity rhythms and blood pressure were less consistent overall and by race.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Less robust rest\u2010activity rhythms and irregular sleep were associated with less favorable anthropometric and glycemic markers but weakly associated with blood pressure, with few racial differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.125.046839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T11:09:26Z","timestamp":1773832166000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Association of Rest\u2010Activity Rhythm and Sleep Regularity With Cardiometabolic Disease in the CARDIA Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2398-0702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swaty","family":"Chapagai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine","place":["Chicago, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9920-6257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pamela J.","family":"Schreiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota","place":["Minneapolis, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8709-4083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. Justin","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","place":["Birmingham, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2301-5796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cora E.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","place":["Birmingham, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3069-4299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaina J.","family":"Alexandria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University","place":["Chicago, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7035-0848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mercedes R.","family":"Carnethon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University","place":["Chicago, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0822-1732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn J.","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine","place":["Chicago, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2751-6168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristen L.","family":"Knutson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine","place":["Chicago, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI80590"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-022-01816-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487318783892"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1516953113"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730417697537"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1418955112"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsad220"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(23)00065-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0298031"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2020-0032"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2023.110262"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0596"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2021-002632"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-24894-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.12.054"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.122.027361"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-32402-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006014"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-021-01174-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07487304251315596"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2025.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2011.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002929"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","unstructured":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities . 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