{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:19:26Z","timestamp":1790813966293,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The impact of midlife vascular health, which is strongly linked with other aspects of brain health, on late\u2010life depression is not well understood. We examined the associations of midlife vascular risk factors (VRFs), and the burden of these factors, with late\u2010life depressive symptoms (LLDSs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Individuals from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study, a population\u2010based prospective study, were evaluated with 5 in\u2010person visits from 1987 to 1989 (visit 1) through 2011 to 2013 (visit 5). Presence of midlife VRFs at visit 1 (smoking, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia) or midlife VRF burden (0, 1, 2, or \u22653 VRFs) were evaluated. LLDSs were defined by a Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale score \u22659 at visit 5. Multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, race\u2013center, apolipoprotein E \u03b54 carrier status, and education.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Among 6198 participants, at midlife (median age, 51\u2009years; 59% women; 22% Black individuals), 20.2% had 0 VRFs, 41.3% had 1, 27.2% had 2, and 11.3% had \u22653 VRFs. In a combined model, midlife smoking (odds ratio [OR], 1.68 [95% CI, 1.33\u20132.13]), diabetes (OR, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.00\u20132.00]), hypertension (OR, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.03\u20131.62]), and obesity (OR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.21\u20131.90]) were each independently associated with LLDSs. Compared with individuals with 0 VRFs in midlife, individuals with 2 (OR, 1.69 [95% CI, 1.21\u20132.36]) or \u22653 (OR, 2.34 [95% CI, 1.62\u20133.40]) VRFs had greater odds of LLDSs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Midlife VRFs, and the burden of these factors, were associated with LLDS. Midlife vascular health may be a potential target for prevention of depression in later life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.125.049924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T10:56:10Z","timestamp":1784285770000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Associations of Midlife Vascular Risk Factors With Late\u2010Life Depressive Symptoms: Findings From the ARIC Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sylee","family":"Kanetkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","place":["Bethesda, USA"]},{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine","place":["Indianapolis, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie N.","family":"Morrill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological 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