{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T05:38:24Z","timestamp":1792647504056,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"20","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      Ambient temperature and fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter \u22642.5 \u03bcm (PM\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                      <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) are well\u2010established contributors of acute cardiovascular events, but their joint short\u2010term effects in subtropical coastal regions have not been well characterized. We evaluated their joint associations with major cardiovascular outcomes in West Florida.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      We analyzed daily hospital admissions for myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke within the BayCare Health System from 2017 to 2024. Daily mean temperature and PM\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                      <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                      were obtained from national monitoring networks. Joint exposure\u2013response relationships were estimated using distributed\u2010lag generalized additive models with tensor\u2010product interactions across lags 0 to 7\u2009days, adjusting for temporal trends, day of week, and copollutants. Effect modification by age, sex, and race was examined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      Temperature showed stronger short\u2010term associations with cardiovascular risk than local PM\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                      <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Among adults aged \u226565\u2009years, myocardial infarction risk was higher at lower temperatures, compared with higher temperatures (relative risk comparing the 75th versus the 25th percentile of the exposure distribution [RR\n                      <jats:sub>75<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:sub>25<\/jats:sub>\n                      ], 0.92 [95% CI, 0.89\u20130.95]). Heart failure exhibited a U\u2010shaped temperature\u2013risk relationship, with greater heat\u2010related risk observed among younger adults (RR\n                      <jats:sub>75<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:sub>25<\/jats:sub>\n                      , 1.05 [95% CI, 1.02\u20131.09]) and Black patients (RR\n                      <jats:sub>75<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:sub>25<\/jats:sub>\n                      , 1.05 [95% CI, 1.02\u20131.09]). In contrast, PM\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                      <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                      showed weaker overall associations, with only a modest elevation in stroke risk among Black patients (RR\n                      <jats:sub>75<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:sub>25<\/jats:sub>\n                      , 1.02 [95% CI, 0.96\u20131.08]). Joint exposure surfaces revealed outcome\u2010specific nonlinear patterns, particularly for heart failure at higher temperature and PM\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                      <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      Temperature and PM\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                      <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                      jointly influence short\u2010term cardiovascular risk through nonlinear and subgroup\u2010specific pathways, highlighting the need for integrated climate and air\u2010quality strategies to reduce cardiovascular disparities.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.126.049988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T11:18:31Z","timestamp":1792149511000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Joint Impacts of Ambient Air Pollution and Temperature on Cardiovascular Disease in West Florida"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7811-4030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BayCare Health System","place":["Clearwater, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Shehub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BayCare Health System","place":["Clearwater, USA"]},{"name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","place":["Tampa, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarp","family":"Orgul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BayCare Health System","place":["Clearwater, USA"]},{"name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","place":["Tampa, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1351-6698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micah","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BayCare Health System","place":["Clearwater, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Liza","family":"Valina\u2010Toth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BayCare Health System","place":["Clearwater, USA"]},{"name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","place":["Tampa, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","unstructured":"CDC . 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