{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T10:58:17Z","timestamp":1791197897525,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"abstract":"<jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Telemedicine is increasingly recognized as a transformative strategy to address critical challenges in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries, which comprise 63% of all nations, 84% of the global population, and 90% of children &lt;15\u00a0years of age. These regions experience multiple barriers, including geographic remoteness, economic constraints, limited healthcare infrastructure, and a shortage of trained healthcare professionals. Congenital heart disease, a highly specialized field often centralized in urban centers, is particularly affected, leaving many children without timely or equitable access to life\u2010saving care. In this context, telecardiology has emerged as a valuable tool across the congenital heart disease care continuum, supporting prehospital assessment, inpatient management, postdischarge follow\u2010up, and multidisciplinary collaboration. Beyond video consultations, telemedicine enables secure transmission of electrocardiograms, echocardiograms, advanced imaging, and digital auscultation data. Artificial intelligence\u2010based tools further enhance education, diagnostic support, and quality assurance in image acquisition. Together, these capabilities reduce unnecessary travel, expedite specialist input, strengthen local decision\u2010making, and contribute to improved outcomes. Telemedicine also facilitates collaboration among pediatric cardiologists, neonatologists, intensivists, imaging specialists, and nurses, fostering more integrated and resilient care networks that link peripheral facilities with tertiary centers. By optimizing limited resources and expanding specialist reach, telemedicine holds significant promise for improving access, equity, and outcomes in congenital heart disease care across low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries. Continued investment, strategic planning, and collaborative capacity\u2010building will be essential to ensure its sustainable and effective implementation worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.126.054084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T10:07:15Z","timestamp":1791194835000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Role of Telemedicine in Congenital Heart Disease Care Models in Low\u2010 and Middle\u2010Income Countries: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association"],"prefix":"10.1161","author":[{"given":"Sandra S.","family":"Mattos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Vervoort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shazia","family":"Moshin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Sholler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yashendra","family":"Sethi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunita","family":"Maheshwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derrick A.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liesl Joanna","family":"Z\u00fchlke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Staveski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the American Heart Association Council on Lifelong Congenital Heart Disease and Heart Health in the Young, Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease Committee; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and the Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2003.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2025.133925"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-06083-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-025-06085-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-028307"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2024.132324"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2023-326"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2019.04.039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32185-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1503323"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","volume-title":"Consolidated Telemedicine Implementation Guide","year":"2022","unstructured":"Consolidated Telemedicine Implementation Guide. 1st ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022.","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44197-024-00214-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.14.148874"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0255918"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2013.0307"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003502"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-022-02167-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.914423"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2023.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2019.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2012.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2025-070739G"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101775"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(24)00245-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2025.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/SHTI220623"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0329494"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14222545"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2025-0037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/ijph.2025.1607790"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/504015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","first-page":"51","article-title":"Improving access to pediatric cardiology in Cape Verde via a collaborative international telemedicine service","volume":"209","author":"Lap\u00e3o LV","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lap\u00e3o LV, Correia A. Improving access to pediatric cardiology in Cape Verde via a collaborative international telemedicine service. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2015;209:51\u201357.","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11237072"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","first-page":"86","article-title":"Development of a tele\u2010stethoscope and its application in pediatric cardiology","volume":"45","author":"Hedayioglu FL","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hedayioglu FL, Mattos SS, Moser L, de Lima ME. Development of a tele\u2010stethoscope and its application in pediatric cardiology. Indian J Exp Biol. 2007;45:86\u201392.","journal-title":"Indian J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2021.3137048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2025.110993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08850666241268842"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.23.290926"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2014.0188"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-022-03222-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2024.101380"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2069.149512"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.124.040003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2019.0196"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Umphrey L Paasi G Windsor W Abongo G Evert J Haq H Keating E Lam SK McHenry M Ndila C et\u00a0al. Perceived Roles Benefits and Barriers of Virtual Global Health Partnership Initiatives: A Cross\u2010Sectional Exploratory Study. 2021. doi: 10.21203\/rs.3.rs-979743\/v1","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-979743\/v1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-024-02631-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-4511-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.074298"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/23715"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2021.104467"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/13263"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa185"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-09127-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-023-02194-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2150135120955189"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.126.054084","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T10:07:17Z","timestamp":1791194837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.126.054084"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.126.054084"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.126.054084","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e054084"}}