{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:38:13Z","timestamp":1791308293503,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Background and Purpose\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Stem cell factor (SCF) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) are essential growth factors in hematopoiesis. We determined whether receptors for SCF and G-CSF exist in the brain and whether exogenous SCF and G-CSF are beneficial to brain repair after brain ischemia.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Methods\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            A well-established rat model of experimental stroke was used in this study. SCF, G-CSF, SCF+G-CSF, or saline was subcutaneously administered 3 hours to 7 days after brain ischemia. Bromodeoxyuridine was administered simultaneously. Sensorimotor function was evaluated with a limb placement test and foot fault test over time.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            We observed that receptors for SCF and G-CSF were expressed in both neurogenic regions and neurons. SCF-treated rats showed the best functional restoration at 1 week that was maintained 4, 7, and 10 weeks after the final injection. G-CSF-induced functional recovery was limited and unstable. Interestingly, stable but delayed functional improvement was seen in SCF+G-CSF-treated rats. Infarction size was significantly reduced in all growth factor-treated rats. In addition, SCF and SCF+G-CSF enhanced neural progenitor cell proliferation in the subventricular zone bilaterally, whereas G-CSF and SCF+G-CSF treatment increased bromodeoxyuridine -positive cells in periinfarct areas.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            SCF and G-CSF are neuroprotective and beneficial to functional restoration when administered during the acute phase after brain ischemia, indicating hematopoietic growth factors play a role in brain repair.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.106.476457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,27]],"date-time":"2007-07-27T01:34:46Z","timestamp":1185500086000},"page":"2584-2591","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Brain Repair by Hematopoietic Growth Factors in a Rat Model of Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Li-Ru","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (L.R.Z., J.A.K.) and Medicine (S.S., J.M.), Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; and the Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy (L.R.Z., W.M.D.) and Neurology (L.R.Z.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, La."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seema","family":"Singhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (L.R.Z., J.A.K.) and Medicine (S.S., J.M.), Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; and the Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy (L.R.Z., W.M.D.) and Neurology (L.R.Z.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, La."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Ming","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (L.R.Z., J.A.K.) and Medicine (S.S., J.M.), Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; and the Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy (L.R.Z., W.M.D.) and Neurology (L.R.Z.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, La."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayesh","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (L.R.Z., J.A.K.) and Medicine (S.S., J.M.), Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; and the Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy (L.R.Z., W.M.D.) and Neurology (L.R.Z.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, La."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Kessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (L.R.Z., J.A.K.) and Medicine (S.S., J.M.), Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; and the Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy (L.R.Z., W.M.D.) and Neurology (L.R.Z.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, La."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","first-page":"SIII10","volume":"352","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hill MD, Hachinski V. 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