{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:02:52Z","timestamp":1791291772368,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Background and Purpose\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of carotid stenosis among patients presenting to the University Hospital of West Indies (UHWI) Accident and Emergency Department (A&amp;E) with an ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Methods\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Beginning in August 2006, all patients presenting to the UHWI A&amp;E with an acute stroke or TIA were screened for enrollment. Patients were excluded if they had a hemorrhagic stroke or if informed consent could not be obtained. Demographic and clinical information were collected by chart review and interviewer-administered questionnaires. All participants had noncontrast head computed tomography (CT) and bilateral carotid duplex ultrasounds.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            133 patients were enrolled in the study. 90% presented with a stroke and 10% with a TIA. Mean age was 64 years, 52% were male, 96% self-identified as black. 78% had diabetes mellitus or hypertension or both, 27% were current or past smokers. 65.1% had a normal carotid ultrasound, 28.5% had &lt;50% stenosis, 1.6% had 50% to 69% stenosis, 0.8% had \u226570% stenosis to near occlusion, 1.6% had near occlusion and 1.6% total occlusion.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            The prevalence of moderate or high-grade carotid stenosis in this high-risk black Caribbean population presenting with an ischemic stroke or a TIA is 5.6%. This is lower than that described in other populations. Further studies are needed to determine the cost-effectiveness of routine screening for carotid stenosis in this population.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.108.535310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,27]],"date-time":"2009-02-27T02:58:37Z","timestamp":1235703517000},"page":"1892-1893","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prevalence of Carotid Stenosis in a High-Risk Caribbean Population"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Hilary A.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Surgery, Radiology, Anesthesia, and Intensive Care (H.A.B., S.S., S.G.L., I.C.), the Tropical Metabolism Research Unit (M.B.L.-W.), and the Department of Medicine (D.G.), The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn B.","family":"Lawrence-Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Surgery, Radiology, Anesthesia, and Intensive Care (H.A.B., S.S., S.G.L., I.C.), the Tropical Metabolism Research Unit (M.B.L.-W.), and the Department of Medicine (D.G.), The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sundeep","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Surgery, Radiology, Anesthesia, and Intensive Care (H.A.B., S.S., S.G.L., I.C.), the Tropical Metabolism Research Unit (M.B.L.-W.), and the Department of Medicine (D.G.), The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara G.","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Surgery, Radiology, Anesthesia, and Intensive Care (H.A.B., S.S., S.G.L., I.C.), the Tropical Metabolism Research Unit (M.B.L.-W.), and the Department of Medicine (D.G.), The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Surgery, Radiology, Anesthesia, and Intensive Care (H.A.B., S.S., S.G.L., I.C.), the Tropical Metabolism Research Unit (M.B.L.-W.), and the Department of Medicine (D.G.), The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivor","family":"Crandon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Surgery, Radiology, Anesthesia, and Intensive Care (H.A.B., S.S., S.G.L., I.C.), the Tropical Metabolism Research Unit (M.B.L.-W.), and the Department of Medicine (D.G.), The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.4.1561677"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.1.54"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"4:648","volume":"17","year":"1986","unstructured":"Caplan L, Gorelick P, Hier D. Race, sex and occlusive cerebrovascular disease: a review. Stroke. 1986; 17: 4:648\u2013655.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199811123392002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2292030516"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.27.11.1965"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.182.1.1727306"}],"container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.535310","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T12:44:31Z","timestamp":1715604271000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.535310"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.535310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/strokeaha.108.535310","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-08-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2008-09-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-02-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}