{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:34:54Z","timestamp":1783470894936,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Background and Purpose\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            In ischemic stroke, the site of arterial obstruction has been shown to influence recanalization and clinical outcomes. However, this has not been studied in randomized controlled trials, nor has the impact of arterial obstruction site on reperfusion and infarct growth been assessed. We studied the influence of site and degree of arterial obstruction patients enrolled in the Echoplanar Imaging Thrombolytic Evaluation Trial (EPITHET).\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Methods\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            EPITHET was a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in the 3- to 6-hour time window. Arterial obstruction site and degree were rated on magnetic resonance angiography blinded to treatment allocation and outcomes.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            In 101 EPITHET patients, 87 had adequate quality magnetic resonance angiography, of whom 54 had baseline arterial obstruction. Infarct growth attenuation was greater in those with tPA treatment compared to placebo among patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) obstruction (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.037). The treatment benefit of tPA over placebo in attenuating infarct growth was greater for MCA than internal carotid artery (ICA) obstruction (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.060). With tPA treatment, good clinical outcome was more likely with MCA than with ICA obstruction (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.005). Most patients with ICA obstruction did not achieve good clinical outcome, whether treated with tPA (100%) or placebo (77%). The study was underpowered to prove any treatment benefit of tPA among patients with any or severe degree of arterial obstruction.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Arterial obstruction site strongly predicts outcomes. ICA obstruction carries a uniformly poor prognosis, whereas good outcomes with MCA obstruction are associated with tPA therapy.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.109.562827","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,8]],"date-time":"2010-01-08T04:46:30Z","timestamp":1262925990000},"page":"295-299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["The Benefits of Intravenous Thrombolysis Relate to the Site of Baseline Arterial Occlusion in the Echoplanar Imaging Thrombolytic Evaluation Trial (EPITHET)"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Deidre A.","family":"De Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital (D.A.D.S., M.E., S.C., S.M.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Singapore General Hospital Campus (D.A.D.S.), National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; National Stroke Research Institute (C.B., G.A.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Center for Stroke Research (M.E.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Auckland Hospital, University of Auckland (P.A.B.), Auckland, New Zealand; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta (K.B.), Edmonton,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caspar","family":"Brekenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital (D.A.D.S., M.E., S.C., S.M.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Singapore General Hospital Campus (D.A.D.S.), National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; National Stroke Research Institute (C.B., G.A.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Center for Stroke Research (M.E.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Auckland Hospital, University of Auckland (P.A.B.), Auckland, New Zealand; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta (K.B.), Edmonton,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Ebinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital (D.A.D.S., M.E., S.C., S.M.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Singapore General Hospital Campus (D.A.D.S.), National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; National Stroke Research Institute (C.B., G.A.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Center for Stroke Research (M.E.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Auckland Hospital, University of Auckland (P.A.B.), Auckland, New Zealand; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta (K.B.), Edmonton,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital (D.A.D.S., M.E., S.C., S.M.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Singapore General Hospital Campus (D.A.D.S.), National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; National Stroke Research Institute (C.B., G.A.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Center for Stroke Research (M.E.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Auckland Hospital, University of Auckland (P.A.B.), Auckland, New Zealand; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta (K.B.), Edmonton,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. Alan","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital (D.A.D.S., M.E., S.C., S.M.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Singapore General Hospital Campus (D.A.D.S.), National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; National Stroke Research Institute (C.B., G.A.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Center for Stroke Research (M.E.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Auckland Hospital, University of Auckland (P.A.B.), Auckland, New Zealand; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta (K.B.), Edmonton,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth S.","family":"Butcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital (D.A.D.S., M.E., S.C., S.M.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Singapore General Hospital Campus (D.A.D.S.), National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; National Stroke Research Institute (C.B., G.A.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Center for Stroke Research (M.E.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Auckland Hospital, University of Auckland (P.A.B.), Auckland, New Zealand; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta (K.B.), Edmonton,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Levi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital (D.A.D.S., M.E., S.C., S.M.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Singapore General Hospital Campus (D.A.D.S.), National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; National Stroke Research Institute (C.B., G.A.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Center for Stroke Research (M.E.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Auckland Hospital, University of Auckland (P.A.B.), Auckland, New Zealand; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta (K.B.), Edmonton,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark W.","family":"Parsons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital (D.A.D.S., M.E., S.C., S.M.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Singapore General Hospital Campus (D.A.D.S.), National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; National Stroke Research Institute (C.B., G.A.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Center for Stroke Research (M.E.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Auckland Hospital, University of Auckland (P.A.B.), Auckland, New Zealand; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta (K.B.), Edmonton,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher F.","family":"Bladin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital (D.A.D.S., M.E., S.C., S.M.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Singapore General Hospital Campus (D.A.D.S.), National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; National Stroke Research Institute (C.B., G.A.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Center for Stroke Research (M.E.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Auckland Hospital, University of Auckland (P.A.B.), Auckland, New Zealand; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta (K.B.), Edmonton,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey A.","family":"Donnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital (D.A.D.S., M.E., S.C., S.M.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Singapore General Hospital Campus (D.A.D.S.), National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; National Stroke Research Institute (C.B., G.A.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Center for Stroke Research (M.E.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Auckland Hospital, University of Auckland (P.A.B.), Auckland, New Zealand; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta (K.B.), Edmonton,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital (D.A.D.S., M.E., S.C., S.M.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Singapore General Hospital Campus (D.A.D.S.), National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; National Stroke Research Institute (C.B., G.A.D.), Melbourne, Australia; Center for Stroke Research (M.E.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Auckland Hospital, University of Auckland (P.A.B.), Auckland, New Zealand; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta (K.B.), Edmonton,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.7.1069"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.0000030109.12281.23"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.0000258112.14918.24"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.0000021001.18101.a5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.0000160007.57787.4c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2492071751"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.107.504951"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.29.1.4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.0000117094.41638.ee"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70267-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","unstructured":"Efficacy and safety study of desmoteplase to treat acute ischemic stroke (DIAS-3. http:\/\/www.strokecenter.org\/trials\/trialdetail.aspx?tid=914. 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