{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T20:25:22Z","timestamp":1789503922236,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Background and Purpose\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Limited data exist on childhood posterior circulation arterial ischemic stroke (PCAIS). We describe clinical and radiological features of childhood PCAIS to determine whether there are differences in infarct topography, vascular abnormalities, risk factors, and stroke subtypes when compared to adults.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Methods\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Children with radiologically confirmed PCAIS were prospectively identified from August 2002 to February 2008. Infarcts were divided into proximal, middle, and distal posterior circulation segments utilizing an adult topographical classification system. Vascular abnormalities were described in terms of location, severity, and evolution over time. A pediatric modification of the TOAST classification system was used to define stroke subtypes.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Twenty seven (37%) of 73 children recruited to our registry had 34 radiologically confirmed PCAIS events. Infarct location was distal (25), middle (2), proximal (1), and multiple segments (6). Fourteen events were associated with single infarcts and 20 were associated with multiple infarcts. Magnetic resonance angiography was abnormal in 16 of 25 children with PCAIS at presentation with stenosis (8) or occlusion (8). Vascular lesions progressed (5), transiently worsened before stabilizing (2), remained stable or improved (8), or normalized (1) over 12 months. Stroke subtypes included nonprogressive steno-occlusive cerebral arteriopathy (9), cardioembolic (4), dissection (3), Moyamoya syndrome (3), other determined (4), probable (1), and undetermined etiology (3). Fifty-two percent of children had recurrent posterior (6) or anterior (8) strokes.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Nonprogressive arteriopathies are the most common cause of childhood PCAIS, usually affecting distal segments. Atherosclerosis-related risk factors do not play an important role in stroke causation. PCAIS is frequently associated with recurrent events.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.110.583831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,10]],"date-time":"2010-09-10T02:30:59Z","timestamp":1284085859000},"page":"2201-2209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Childhood Posterior Circulation Arterial Ischemic Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Mark T.","family":"Mackay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From Children\u2019s Neuroscience Centre (M.T.M.) and Medical Imaging Department (L.C.), Royal Children\u2019s Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute (M.T.M., L.C.), Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (M.T.M., L.C.), University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Radiology (S.P.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School (S.P.P.), Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay P.","family":"Prabhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Children\u2019s Neuroscience Centre (M.T.M.) and Medical Imaging Department (L.C.), Royal Children\u2019s Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute (M.T.M., L.C.), Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (M.T.M., L.C.), University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Radiology (S.P.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School (S.P.P.), Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Children\u2019s Neuroscience Centre (M.T.M.) and Medical Imaging Department (L.C.), Royal Children\u2019s Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute (M.T.M., L.C.), Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (M.T.M., L.C.), University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Radiology (S.P.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School (S.P.P.), Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.8.1528"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20204"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01274.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"59:","volume":"26","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ganesan V, Chong WK, Cox TC, Chawda SJ, Prengler M, Kirkham FJ. 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Feathering. Vertebral artery pseudostenosis with elliptical centric contrast-enhanced MR angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006; 27: 850\u2013852.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.25.3.8128509"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307380001500504"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10423"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"119:","volume":"17","year":"2009","unstructured":"Amlie-Lefond C, Bernard T, Sebire G, Friedman NR, Heyer GL, Lerner NB, DeVeber G, Fullerton HJ, International Pediatric Stroke Study Group. Predictors of cerebral arteriopathy in children with arterial ischaemic stroke: results of the international pediatric stroke study. Circulation. 2009; 17: 119: 1417\u20131423.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307389801300105"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.32.6.1257"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199905)45:5<679::AID-ANA22>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20800"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.550871"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.550913"}],"container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.583831","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T14:40:28Z","timestamp":1715611228000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.583831"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.583831"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/strokeaha.110.583831","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-03-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-06-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-09-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}