{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T15:37:26Z","timestamp":1791905846530,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background and Purpose\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To establish reference values of interhemispheric differences and ratios of blood flow Doppler parameters in the terminal internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, and anterior cerebral artery in children with sickle cell anemia.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Fifty-seven out of 74 recruited children (mean age, 7.8\u00b13.4 years; range limits, 3\u201314 years), who were free of neurological deficits and intracranial narrowing detectable by MRA and had flow velocities &lt;170 cm\/s by conventional transcranial Doppler ultrasound, underwent transcranial color-coded duplex ultrasonography. Reference limits of flow parameters corrected and uncorrected for the angle of insonation were estimated using tolerance intervals, with\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.90 for all possible data values from 95% of a population.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Reference limits for left-to-right differences in cm\/s in the mean angle-corrected and uncorrected flow velocities were \u221256 to 53 and \u221272 to 75 for middle cerebral artery, \u221249 to 57 and \u221281 to 91 for anterior cerebral artery, and \u221255 to 64 and \u221273 to 78 for terminal internal carotid artery, respectively. Respective reference limits for left-to-right velocity ratios were 0.31 to 1.84 and 0.38 to 1.75 for middle cerebral artery, 0.48 to 2.99 and 0.46 to 2.89 for anterior cerebral artery, and 0.61 to 2.56 and 0.56 to 2.23 for terminal internal carotid artery.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The study provides reference limits of interhemispheric differences and ratios of blood flow Doppler parameters that may be helpful in identification of intracranial arterial narrowing in children with sickle cell disease undergoing ultrasound screening for stroke prevention.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.110.591818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,19]],"date-time":"2010-11-19T02:05:47Z","timestamp":1290132347000},"page":"81-86","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Sickle Cell Disease and Transcranial Doppler Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Jaroslaw","family":"Krejza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Radiology (J.K., R.C., G.R., M.A., L.D., E.R.M.), Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.K., G.R.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; Department of Hematology (J.L.K., K.O.-F.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Neurology (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Radiology (J.K., R.C., G.R., M.A., L.D., E.R.M.), Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.K., G.R.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; Department of Hematology (J.L.K., K.O.-F.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Neurology (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Romanowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Radiology (J.K., R.C., G.R., M.A., L.D., E.R.M.), Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.K., G.R.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; Department of Hematology (J.L.K., K.O.-F.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Neurology (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet L.","family":"Kwiatkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Radiology (J.K., R.C., G.R., M.A., L.D., E.R.M.), Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.K., G.R.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; Department of Hematology (J.L.K., K.O.-F.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Neurology (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Ichord","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Radiology (J.K., R.C., G.R., M.A., L.D., E.R.M.), Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.K., G.R.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; Department of Hematology (J.L.K., K.O.-F.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Neurology (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Arkuszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Radiology (J.K., R.C., G.R., M.A., L.D., E.R.M.), Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.K., G.R.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; Department of Hematology (J.L.K., K.O.-F.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Neurology (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Zimmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Radiology (J.K., R.C., G.R., M.A., L.D., E.R.M.), Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.K., G.R.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; Department of Hematology (J.L.K., K.O.-F.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Neurology (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwaku","family":"Ohene-Frempong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Radiology (J.K., R.C., G.R., M.A., L.D., E.R.M.), Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.K., G.R.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; Department of Hematology (J.L.K., K.O.-F.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Neurology (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Desiderio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Radiology (J.K., R.C., G.R., M.A., L.D., E.R.M.), Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.K., G.R.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; Department of Hematology (J.L.K., K.O.-F.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Neurology (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias R.","family":"Melhem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Radiology (J.K., R.C., G.R., M.A., L.D., E.R.M.), Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.K., G.R.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; Department of Hematology (J.L.K., K.O.-F.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Neurology (R.I.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Evidence-based imaging in pediatrics","author":"Krejza J","year":"2009","unstructured":"Krejza J, Swiat M, Tomaszewski M, Melhem ER. 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