{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:15:22Z","timestamp":1791911722885,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Background and Purpose\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Cerebral microbleeds in the elderly are routinely identified by brain MRI. The purpose of this study was to better characterize the pathological basis of microbleeds.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Methods\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            We studied postmortem brain specimens of 33 individuals with no clinical history of stroke and with an age range of 71 to 105 years. Cerebral microbleeds were identified by presence of hemosiderin (iron), identified by routine histochemistry and Prussian blue stain. Cellular localization of iron (in macrophages and pericytes) was studied by immunohistochemistry for smooth muscle actin, CD68, and, in selected cases, electron microscopy. Presence of \u03b2-amyloid was analyzed using immunohistochemistry for epitope 6E10.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Cerebral microbleeds were present in 22 cases and occurred at capillary, small artery, and arteriolar levels. Presence of microbleeds occurred independent of amyloid deposition at site of microbleeds. Although most subjects had hypertension, microbleeds were present with and without hypertension. Putamen was the site of microbleeds in all but 1 case; 1 microbleed was in subcortical white matter of occipital lobe. Most capillary microbleeds involved macrophages, but the 2 microbleeds studied by electron microscopy demonstrated pericyte involvement.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            These findings indicate that cerebral microbleeds are common in elderly brain and can occur at the capillary level.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.110.593657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,29]],"date-time":"2010-10-29T04:45:11Z","timestamp":1288327511000},"page":"2782-2785","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":161,"title":["Cerebral Microbleeds in the Elderly"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Fisher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology, Anatomy, and Neurobiology, and Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine (M.F.), University of California, Irvine, Calif; Department of Pathology (S.F.), Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif; Department of Pathology (P.J.), Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif; Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine and Neurology (R.C.K.), University of California, Irvine, Calif."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"French","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology, Anatomy, and Neurobiology, and Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine (M.F.), University of California, Irvine, Calif; Department of Pathology (S.F.), Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif; Department of Pathology (P.J.), Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif; Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine and Neurology (R.C.K.), University of California, Irvine, Calif."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology, Anatomy, and Neurobiology, and Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine (M.F.), University of California, Irvine, Calif; Department of Pathology (S.F.), Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif; Department of Pathology (P.J.), Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif; Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine and Neurology (R.C.K.), University of California, Irvine, Calif."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald C.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology, Anatomy, and Neurobiology, and Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine (M.F.), University of California, Irvine, Calif; Department of Pathology (S.F.), Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif; Department of Pathology (P.J.), Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif; Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine and Neurology (R.C.K.), University of California, Irvine, Calif."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000307750.41970.d9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000339060.11702.dd"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.42"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schrag M McAuley G Pomakian J Jiffry A Tung S Mueller C Vinters HV Haacke EM Holshouser B Kido D Kirsch WM: Correlation of hypointensities in suspectibility-weighted images to tissue histology in dementia patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a post-mortem MRI study. 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