{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T12:52:00Z","timestamp":1775911920406,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Purpose\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS) in patients with recent ischemic stroke is associated with a high risk of recurrent stroke. More insight into the pathophysiology of ICAS could help identify patients at high risk requiring more aggressive secondary prevention. We evaluated the prevalence, distribution, calcification, and the risk factors predisposing ICAS in a European stroke population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Consecutive patients with a transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke (n=786) were evaluated for the presence and distribution of ICAS (\u226530% luminal narrowing) by CT angiography. ICAS were categorized as symptomatic or asymptomatic, and the presence of calcification was assessed. The association of traditional cerebrovascular risk factors and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate with ICAS was analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 178 of 786 patients (23%), 288 ICAS were observed. Most stenoses (n=194\/288; 67%) were located in the posterior circulation arteries. In 59 of 786 patients (8%), ICAS were considered symptomatic. ICAS in the basilar artery and arteries beyond the circle of Willis were mainly noncalcified. In addition to age, gender, and several traditional cerebrovascular risk factors, erythrocyte sedimentation rate was independently associated with the presence of ICAS (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.06\u20131.36) and with the presence of noncalcified ICAS in particular (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.05\u20131.37).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ICAS was observed in a noteworthy number of European stroke patients. Particularly, the majority of ICAS was observed in the posterior circulation, possibly conferring worse prognosis. ICAS in distal arteries were mainly noncalcified. Association of noncalcified ICAS and erythrocyte sedimentation rate may indicate a prominent role for inflammatory factors in intracranial atherosclerotic disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.110.596254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:23:58Z","timestamp":1301617438000},"page":"1244-1250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Prevalence and Calcification of Intracranial Arterial Stenotic Lesions as Assessed With Multidetector Computed Tomography Angiography"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Philip J.","family":"Homburg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.H., S.R., A.v.d.L.) and Neurology (G.J.J.P., D.W.J.D.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerben J.J.","family":"Plas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.H., S.R., A.v.d.L.) and Neurology (G.J.J.P., D.W.J.D.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sietske","family":"Rozie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.H., S.R., A.v.d.L.) and Neurology (G.J.J.P., D.W.J.D.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aad","family":"van der Lugt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.H., S.R., A.v.d.L.) and Neurology (G.J.J.P., D.W.J.D.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diederik W.J.","family":"Dippel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.H., S.R., A.v.d.L.) and Neurology (G.J.J.P., D.W.J.D.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.578229"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"CD004133","article-title":"Angioplasty for intracranial artery stenosis","volume":"3","author":"Cruz-Flores S","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cruz-Flores S, Diamond AL. Angioplasty for intracranial artery stenosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;3:CD004133.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.26.1.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000208404.94585.b2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000132637.30287.B4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.9.1287"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.505776"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hs1101.098520"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.0000089920.93927.a7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.484584"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.220.1.r01jl35179"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.107.502906"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.108.526434"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.09.076"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024205226239"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2372040653"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.109.576256"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.496513"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"643","article-title":"A standardized method for measuring intracranial arterial stenosis","volume":"21","author":"Samuels OB","year":"2000","unstructured":"Samuels OB, Joseph GJ, Lynn MJ, Smith HA, Chimowitz MI. A standardized method for measuring intracranial arterial stenosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2000;21:643\u2013646.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000168862.09764.9f"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000238511.72927.3c"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.25.10.1931"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150070089"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","first-page":"239","article-title":"Pattern of atherosclerotic carotid stenosis in Korean patients with stroke: different involvement of intracranial versus extracranial vessels","volume":"24","author":"Suh DC","year":"2003","unstructured":"Suh DC, Lee SH, Kim KR, Park ST, Lim SM, Kim SJ, Choi CG, Lee HK. Pattern of atherosclerotic carotid stenosis in Korean patients with stroke: different involvement of intracranial versus extracranial vessels. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2003;24:239\u2013244.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.2.524"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.11.2641"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.8.1488"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.7.1389"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000080772"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000090206"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000111525"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.054403"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00019501-199703000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","first-page":"2479","article-title":"Age, antioxidants, and atherogenesis","volume":"32","author":"Gr\u00f8nholdt ML","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gr\u00f8nholdt ML. Age, antioxidants, and atherogenesis. Stroke. 2001;32:2479\u20132480.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901143400207"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000106982"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2006.00045.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","article-title":"Intraplaque Hemorrhage in Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease","author":"Turan TN","year":"2009","unstructured":"Turan TN, Bonilha L, Morgan PS, Adams RJ, Chimowitz MI. Intraplaque Hemorrhage in Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease. J Neuroimaging. 2009 Nov 11 [Epub ahead of print].","journal-title":"J Neuroimaging"}],"container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.596254","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T09:58:30Z","timestamp":1715594310000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.596254"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.596254"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/strokeaha.110.596254","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.11728956.12821057","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-07-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-11-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-03-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}