{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T04:04:17Z","timestamp":1769918657626,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background and Purpose\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is associated with more rapid chronic kidney disease progression; reduction in cholesterol with statins, in conjunction with statins\u2019 pleiotropic effects, such as decreasing inflammation, may be renoprotective. The Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) trial assessed the effect of statin treatment on the risk of nonfatal and fatal stroke in subjects with a noncardioembolic stroke or transient ischemic attack, no known coronary heart disease, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between 2.6 and 4.9 mmol\/L (100\u2013190 mg\/dL).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              We explored the effect of randomization to atorvastatin 80 mg\/d or placebo on the change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; using the 4-component Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation) in SPARCL subjects (n=4731) with (eGFR, &lt;60 mL\/min per 1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              ; n=3119) and without (eGFR, \u226560 mL\/min per 1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              ; n=1600) chronic kidney disease overall and by glycemic status at baseline.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Mean baseline eGFR was similar between treatment groups (65.5\u00b10.26 versus 65.6\u00b10.26 mL\/min per 1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              atorvastatin versus placebo; 33% versus 34% had chronic kidney disease, respectively;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.55). After 60 months, eGFR increased 3.46\u00b10.33 mL\/min per 1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              in those randomized to atorvastatin versus 1.42\u00b10.34 mL\/min per 1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              in those randomized to placebo (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001) independent of baseline renal function. In the subgroup with diabetes mellitus at randomization, eGFR increased 1.12\u00b10.92 mL\/min per 1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              in the atorvastatin group and decreased 1.69\u00b10.92 mL\/min per 1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              in placebo group during a period of 60 months (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.016).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This post hoc analysis suggests that atorvastatin treatment may improve renal function in patients with prior stroke or transient ischemic attack with and without chronic kidney disease, and that atorvastatin treatment may prevent eGFR decline in patients with stroke and diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              URL:\n              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\">http:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n              . Unique identifier: NCT00147602.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.114.005832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,22]],"date-time":"2014-08-22T08:09:29Z","timestamp":1408694969000},"page":"2974-2982","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Effect of High-Dose Atorvastatin on Renal Function in Subjects With Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in the SPARCL Trial"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Pierre","family":"Amarenco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Paris-Diderot Sorbonne University, Paris, France (P.A.); Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (A.C.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Center, USC\/Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (V.M.C.); Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); Department of Neurology, Universitat Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (M.G.H.); Pfizer Inc, New York, NY (M.M., D.J.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Alfred","family":"Callahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Paris-Diderot Sorbonne University, Paris, France (P.A.); Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (A.C.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Center, USC\/Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (V.M.C.); Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); Department of Neurology, Universitat Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (M.G.H.); Pfizer Inc, New York, NY (M.M., D.J.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vito M.","family":"Campese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Paris-Diderot Sorbonne University, Paris, France (P.A.); Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (A.C.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Center, USC\/Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (V.M.C.); Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); Department of Neurology, Universitat Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (M.G.H.); Pfizer Inc, New York, NY (M.M., D.J.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larry B.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Paris-Diderot Sorbonne University, Paris, France (P.A.); Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (A.C.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Center, USC\/Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (V.M.C.); Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); Department of Neurology, Universitat Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (M.G.H.); Pfizer Inc, New York, NY (M.M., D.J.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Hennerici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Paris-Diderot Sorbonne University, Paris, France (P.A.); Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (A.C.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Center, USC\/Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (V.M.C.); Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); Department of Neurology, Universitat Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (M.G.H.); Pfizer Inc, New York, NY (M.M., D.J.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Messig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Paris-Diderot Sorbonne University, Paris, France (P.A.); Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (A.C.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Center, USC\/Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (V.M.C.); Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); Department of Neurology, Universitat Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (M.G.H.); Pfizer Inc, New York, NY (M.M., D.J.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Sillesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Paris-Diderot Sorbonne University, Paris, France (P.A.); Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (A.C.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Center, USC\/Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (V.M.C.); Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); Department of Neurology, Universitat Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (M.G.H.); Pfizer Inc, New York, NY (M.M., D.J.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. Michael A.","family":"Welch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Paris-Diderot Sorbonne University, Paris, France (P.A.); Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (A.C.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Center, USC\/Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (V.M.C.); Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); Department of Neurology, Universitat Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (M.G.H.); Pfizer Inc, New York, NY (M.M., D.J.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Paris-Diderot Sorbonne University, Paris, France (P.A.); Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (A.C.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Center, USC\/Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (V.M.C.); Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); Department of Neurology, Universitat Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (M.G.H.); Pfizer Inc, New York, NY (M.M., D.J.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin A.","family":"Zivin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Paris-Diderot Sorbonne University, Paris, France (P.A.); Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (A.C.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Center, USC\/Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (V.M.C.); Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (L.B.G.); Department of Neurology, Universitat Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (M.G.H.); Pfizer Inc, New York, NY (M.M., D.J.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000095676.90936.80"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041031"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.1998.v32.pm9820470"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60674-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","first-page":"S1","article-title":"K\/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification.","volume":"39","author":"National Kidney Foundation","year":"2002","unstructured":"National Kidney Foundation. 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