{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T12:32:12Z","timestamp":1778070732513,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background and Purpose\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              The risk of stroke recurrence in patients with Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS) is high, and the optimal antithrombotic strategy for secondary prevention is unclear. We investigated whether congestive heart failure, hypertension, age \u226575 years, diabetes mellitus, and stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA; CHADS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              ) and CHA\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              DS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              -VASc scores can stratify the long-term risk of ischemic stroke\/TIA recurrence and death in ESUS.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              We pooled data sets of 11 stroke registries from Europe and America. ESUS was defined according to the Cryptogenic Stroke\/ESUS International Working Group. Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate if prestroke CHADS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              and congestive heart failure, hypertension, age \u226575 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke or TIA, vascular disease, age 65\u201374 years, sex category (CHA\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              DS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              -VASc) scores were independently associated with the risk of ischemic stroke\/TIA recurrence or death. The Kaplan\u2013Meier product limit method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of ischemic stroke\/TIA recurrence and death in different strata of the CHADS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              and CHA\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              DS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              -VASc scores.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              One hundred fifty-nine (5.6% per year) ischemic stroke\/TIA recurrences and 148 (5.2% per year) deaths occurred in 1095 patients (median age, 68 years) followed-up for a median of 31 months. Compared with CHADS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              score 0, patients with CHADS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              score 1 and CHADS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              score &gt;1 had higher risk of ischemic stroke\/TIA recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41\u20134.00 and HR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.68\u20134.40, respectively) and death (HR, 3.58; 95% CI, 1.80\u20137.12, and HR, 5.45; 95% CI, 2.86\u201310.40, respectively). Compared with low-risk CHA\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              DS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              -VASc score, patients with high-risk CHA\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              DS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              -VASc score had higher risk of ischemic stroke\/TIA recurrence (HR, 3.35; 95% CI, 1.94\u20135.80) and death (HR, 13.0; 95% CI, 4.7\u201335.4).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              The risk of recurrent ischemic stroke\/TIA and death in ESUS is reliably stratified by CHADS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              and CHA\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              DS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              -VASc scores. Compared with the low-risk group, patients in the high-risk CHA\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              DS\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              -VASc group have much higher risk of ischemic stroke recurrence\/TIA and death, approximately 3-fold and 13-fold, respectively.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.116.013713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,16]],"date-time":"2016-08-16T21:36:10Z","timestamp":1471383370000},"page":"2278-2285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Risk Stratification for Recurrence and Mortality in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"George","family":"Ntaios","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Vemmos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory Y.H.","family":"Lip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Koroboki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Efstathios","family":"Manios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Vemmou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Campello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Cuadrado-Godia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Giralt-Steinhauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Arnao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Caso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Paciaroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Exuperio","family":"Diez-Tejedor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blanca","family":"Fuentes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josefa","family":"P\u00e9rez Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Arauz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian F.","family":"Ameriso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maximiliano A.","family":"Hawkes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luc\u00eda","family":"Pertierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maia","family":"G\u00f3mez-Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Bandini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Chavarria Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Iglesias Mohedano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Garc\u00eda Pastor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Gil-N\u00fa\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jukka","family":"Putaala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Turgut","family":"Tatlisumak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Barboza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Athanasakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Makaritsis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasileios","family":"Papavasileiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece (G.N., G.A., K.M., V.P.); Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Greece (K.V., E.K., E.M., A.V.); University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70310-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.007240"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.009334"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2015.1057612"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","unstructured":"NAVIGATE ESUS. https:\/\/clinicaltrials.Gov\/ct2\/show\/nct02313909. 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