{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:10:28Z","timestamp":1790683828774,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Purpose\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Abnormalities of the retinal circulation may be associated with cerebrovascular disease. We investigated associations between retinal microvascular abnormalities and (1) strokes and subclinical cerebral infarcts and (2) cerebral white matter lesions in a UK-based triethnic population-based cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1185 participants (age, 68.8\u00b16.1 years; 77% men) underwent retinal imaging and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging. Cerebral infarcts and white matter hyperintensities were identified on magnetic resonance imaging, retinopathy was graded, and retinal vessels were measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher retinopathy grade (odds ratio [OR], 1.40 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.16\u20131.70]), narrower arteriolar diameter (OR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.97\u20130.99]), fewer symmetrical arteriolar bifurcations (OR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.75\u20130.95]), higher arteriolar optimality deviation (OR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.00\u20131.34]), and more tortuous venules (OR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.09\u20131.32]) were associated with strokes\/infarcts and white matter hyperintensities. Associations with quantitative retinal microvascular measures were independent of retinopathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Abnormalities of the retinal microvasculature are independently associated with stroke, cerebral infarcts, and white matter lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.116.014998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]],"date-time":"2016-10-11T22:00:00Z","timestamp":1476223200000},"page":"2862-2864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Association of Retinopathy and Retinal Microvascular Abnormalities With Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Alun D.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom (A.D.H., T.T., N.C.); School of Public Health (E.F.); National Heart &amp; Lung Institute (N.W., S.W., S.A.M.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; and Gloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, United Kingdom (S.J.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Falaschetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom (A.D.H., T.T., N.C.); School of Public Health (E.F.); National Heart &amp; Lung Institute (N.W., S.W., S.A.M.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; and Gloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, United Kingdom (S.J.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Witt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom (A.D.H., T.T., N.C.); School of Public Health (E.F.); National Heart &amp; Lung Institute (N.W., S.W., S.A.M.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; and Gloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, United Kingdom (S.J.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumangali","family":"Wijetunge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom (A.D.H., T.T., N.C.); School of Public Health (E.F.); National Heart &amp; Lung Institute (N.W., S.W., S.A.M.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; and Gloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, United Kingdom (S.J.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon A. McG.","family":"Thom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom (A.D.H., T.T., N.C.); School of Public Health (E.F.); National Heart &amp; Lung Institute (N.W., S.W., S.A.M.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; and Gloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, United Kingdom (S.J.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Therese","family":"Tillin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom (A.D.H., T.T., N.C.); School of Public Health (E.F.); National Heart &amp; Lung Institute (N.W., S.W., S.A.M.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; and Gloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, United Kingdom (S.J.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve J.","family":"Aldington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom (A.D.H., T.T., N.C.); School of Public Health (E.F.); National Heart &amp; Lung Institute (N.W., S.W., S.A.M.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; and Gloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, United Kingdom (S.J.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nish","family":"Chaturvedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom (A.D.H., T.T., N.C.); School of Public Health (E.F.); National Heart &amp; Lung Institute (N.W., S.W., S.A.M.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; and Gloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, United Kingdom (S.J.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70170-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c3666"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1563570"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp306"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq175"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2003.01077.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.85.1.74"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artres.2010.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","first-page":"1625","article-title":"A method for using MR to evaluate the effects of cardiovascular disease on the brain: the cardiovascular health study.","volume":"15","author":"Bryan RN","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bryan RN, Manolio TA, Schertz LD, Jungreis C, Poirier VC, Elster AD, et al.. 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