{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T08:11:36Z","timestamp":1790237496623,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background and Purpose\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Nonfocal transient neurological attacks (TNAs), such as unsteadiness, bilateral weakness, or confusion, are associated with an increased risk of stroke and dementia. Cerebral ischemia plays a role in their pathogenesis, but the precise mechanisms are unknown. We hypothesized that cerebral small vessel disease is involved in the pathogenesis of TNAs and assessed the relation between TNAs and manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease on magnetic resonance imaging.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We included participants from the HBC (Heart-Brain Connection) study. In this study, hemodynamic and cardiovascular contributions to cognitive impairment have been studied in patients with heart failure, carotid artery occlusion, or possible vascular cognitive impairment, as well as in a reference group. We excluded participants with a history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks. The occurrence of the following 8 TNAs was assessed with a standardized interview: unconsciousness, confusion, amnesia, unsteadiness, bilateral leg weakness, blurred vision, nonrotatory dizziness, and paresthesias. The occurrence of TNAs was related to the presence of lacunes or white matter hyperintensities (Fazekas score, \u22652; early confluent or confluent lesions) in logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age, sex, and hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Of 304 participants (60% men; mean age, 67\u00b19 years), 63 participants (21%) experienced \u22651 TNAs. Lacunes and early confluent or confluent white matter hyperintensities were more common in participants with TNAs than in participants without TNAs (35% versus 20%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.32 [95% CI, 1.22\u20134.40] and 48% versus 27%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.65 [95% CI, 1.44\u20134.90], respectively).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In our study, TNAs are associated with the presence of lacunes and early confluent or confluent white matter hyperintensities of presumed vascular origin, which indicates that cerebral small vessel disease might play a role in the pathogenesis of TNAs.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.119.025328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T09:11:23Z","timestamp":1571735483000},"page":"3540-3544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Nonfocal Transient Neurological Attacks Are Associated With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Eline A.","family":"Oudeman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus (E.A.O., G.J.B., L.J.K.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, OLVG West, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (E.A.O., R.M.V.d.B.-V.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacoba P.","family":"Greving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care (J.P.G.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renske M.","family":"Van den Berg-Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, OLVG West, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (E.A.O., R.M.V.d.B.-V.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geert Jan","family":"Biessels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus (E.A.O., G.J.B., L.J.K.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther E.","family":"Bron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (E.E.B.), Erasmus MC, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"van Oostenbrugge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics (E.E.B.), Erasmus MC, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"de Bresser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, the Netherlands (R.v.O.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Jaap","family":"Kappelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus (E.A.O., G.J.B., L.J.K.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Heart-Brain Connection Consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.6.5.564"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.24.2877"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.28.4.768"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.016743"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92170-k"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1159\/000131083","article-title":"Guidelines for management of ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack.","volume":"25","author":"The European Stroke Organisation (ESO) committee and the ESO writing committee","year":"2008","unstructured":"The European Stroke Organisation (ESO) committee and the ESO writing committee. Guidelines for management of ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2008;25:457\u2013507.","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24539"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000448148"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70060-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000480738"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000597"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70124-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.149.2.351"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.284.6327.1437"}],"container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.025328","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T15:26:31Z","timestamp":1715613991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.025328"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.025328"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/strokeaha.119.025328","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-02-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-09-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-10-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}