{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T10:34:31Z","timestamp":1752230071531,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background and Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of individual direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists for primary prevention of stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic) in routine clinical practice in patients with various clinical risk factors depending on their atrial fibrillation (AF) patterns.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A nested case-referent study was conducted using data from 2 national registries of patients with stroke and AF. Stroke cases with previous history of AF were matched to up to 2 randomly selected referent patients with AF and no stroke. The association of individual anticoagulant use with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke was studied in patients with or without permanent AF using multivariable conditional logistic models, controlled for clinically significant risk factors and multiple other cardiovascular risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In total, 2586 stroke cases with previous AF and 4810 nonstroke referent patients with AF were retained for the study. Direct oral anticoagulant users had lower odds of stroke of any type than vitamin K antagonist users: the adjusted-matched OR for ischemic stroke were 0.70 (95% CI, 0.50\u20130.98) for dabigatran, 0.68 (95% CI, 0.53\u20130.86) for rivaroxaban, and 0.73 (95% CI, 0.52\u20131.02) for apixaban while for hemorrhagic stroke they were 0.31 (95% CI, 0.14\u20130.68), 0.64 (95% CI, 0.39\u20131.06), and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.33\u20131.49), respectively. The effects of individual direct oral anticoagulants relative to vitamin K antagonists were similar in permanent AF and nonpermanent AF patients.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Similar results were observed for each direct oral anticoagulant in real life as those observed in the pivotal clinical trials. The pattern of AF did not affect the outcome.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.120.032704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]],"date-time":"2021-07-13T09:00:19Z","timestamp":1626166819000},"page":"3121-3131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Stroke Prevention by Anticoagulants in Daily Practice Depending on Atrial Fibrillation Pattern and Clinical Risk Factors"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1952-5467","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lamiae","family":"Grimaldi-Bensouda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The PGRx Study Group, Paris, France (L.G.-B.)."},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Hospital Group Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris; UFR des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9, University Paris-Saclay, France (L.G.-B.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Yves","family":"Le Heuzey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Unit, Georges Pompidou European Hospital and Ren\u00e9 Descartes University, Paris, France (J.-Y.L.H.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Ferri\u00e8res","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Rangueil Hospital, Toulouse University School of Medicine, INSERM UMR 1027, Toulouse, France (J.F.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Leys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Stroke Centre, Lille University Hospital; INSERM U1171, Lille University, France (D.L.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Marc","family":"Davy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Arnaud De Villeneuve Hospital, Montpellier, France (J.-M.D.)."},{"name":"U1046 INSERM\/UMR9214 CNRS and University of Montpellier, France (J.-M.D.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikel","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Neurology, Dax Hospital, France (M.M.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Dialla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Resal, Paris, France (O.D.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Smadja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Neurology, Sud-Francilien Hospital Centre, Corbeil-Essonnes, France (D.S.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Nighoghossian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Neurology, Bron, France (N.N.). INSERM U1206\/CNRS UMR 5220, France (N.N.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3160-9110","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jacques","family":"Benichou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Rouen, France (J.B.)."},{"name":"INSERM U1219, France (J.B.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clementine","family":"Nordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, France (C.N.)."},{"name":"The PGRx Study Group, Paris, France (C.N.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Touz\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Neurology, Caen Normandie University Hospital, France (E.T.)."},{"name":"INSERM U1237, Caen, France (E.T.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucien","family":"Abenhaim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The PGRx Study Group, London, United Kingdom (L.A.)."},{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom (L.A.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the PGRx-Stroke and PGRx-Atrial Fibrillation Study Groups","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw210"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g3655"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70340-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2015.1024222"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.4190"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0905561"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009638"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1107039"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62343-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306638"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2017.05.358"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-1523"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-018-0415-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13648"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2018-002089"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2012.01886.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-3722-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2014.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","first-page":"e90","article-title":"Patterns of oral anticoagulants use in atrial fibrillation.","volume":"22","author":"Brais C","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brais, C, Larochelle, J, Turgeon, M, Tousignant, A, Blais, L, Perreault, S, Farand, P, Letemplier, G, Beauchesne, M. 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