{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:38:12Z","timestamp":1792427892755,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IL-6 (interleukin 6) is a proinflammatory cytokine and an established biomarker in acute brain injury. We sought to determine whether admission IL-6 levels are associated with severity and functional outcome after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed an exploratory analysis of the recombinant activated FAST trial (Factor VII for Acute ICH). Patients with admission serum IL-6 levels were included. Regression analyses were used to assess the associations between IL-6 and 90-day modified Rankin Scale. In secondary analyses, we used linear regression to evaluate the association between IL-6 and baseline ICH and perihematomal edema volumes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 841 enrolled patients, we included 552 (66%) with available admission IL-6 levels (mean age 64 [SD 13], female sex 203 [37%]). IL-6 was associated with poor outcome (modified Rankin Scale, 4\u20136; per additional 1 ng\/L, odds ratio, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.04\u20131.63];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.02) after adjustment for known predictors of outcome after ICH and treatment group. IL-6 was associated with ICH volume after adjustment for age, sex, and ICH location, and this association was modified by location (multivariable interaction,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.002), with a stronger association seen in lobar (\u03b2, 12.51 [95% CI, 6.47\u201318.55],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) versus nonlobar (\u03b2 5.32 [95% CI, 3.36\u20137.28],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) location. IL-6 was associated with perihematomal edema volume after adjustment for age, sex, ICH volume, and ICH location (\u03b2 1.22 [95% CI, 0.15\u20132.29],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.03). Treatment group was not associated with IL-6 levels or outcome.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the FAST trial population, higher admission IL-6 levels were associated with worse 90-day functional outcome and larger ICH and perihematomal edema volumes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.120.032888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T05:00:19Z","timestamp":1615179619000},"page":"1733-1740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Association of Serum IL-6 (Interleukin 6) With Functional Outcome After Intracerebral Hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9462-5022","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Audrey C.","family":"Leasure","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology (A.C.L., L.R.K., K.N.V., L.H.S., G.J.F., K.N.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9500-6162","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lindsey R.","family":"Kuohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology (A.C.L., L.R.K., K.N.V., L.H.S., G.J.F., K.N.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0804-2673","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kevin N.","family":"Vanent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology (A.C.L., L.R.K., K.N.V., L.H.S., G.J.F., K.N.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew B.","family":"Bevers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Stroke, Cerebrovascular and Critical Care Neurology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA (M.B.B.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Taylor","family":"Kimberly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (W.T.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5080-8222","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thorsten","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Klinikum Frankfurt H\u00f6chst, Germany (T.S.)."},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany (T.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1272-6277","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stephan A.","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, New York Medical College, Westchester Medical Center Health Network, Valhalla (S.A.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles C.","family":"Matouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery (C.C.M.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6898-1680","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lauren H.","family":"Sansing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology (A.C.L., L.R.K., K.N.V., L.H.S., G.J.F., K.N.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6407-0302","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guido J.","family":"Falcone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology (A.C.L., L.R.K., K.N.V., L.H.S., G.J.F., K.N.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2003-5473","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kevin N.","family":"Sheth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology (A.C.L., L.R.K., K.N.V., L.H.S., G.J.F., K.N.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70340-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31878-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.1653"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000428"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000588"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2019.100916"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.018675"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000366470"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600403"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2014.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12921"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.010001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.11.131"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-012-0174-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI88647"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.27.9.1553"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.0000027211.73567.fa"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-0419-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0220178"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0707534"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","first-page":"666","article-title":"Radiologic estimation of hematoma volume in intracerebral hemorrhage trial by CT scan.","volume":"27","author":"Zimmerman RD","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zimmerman, RD, Maldjian, JA, Brun, NC, Horvath, B, Skolnick, BE. 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