{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T12:52:34Z","timestamp":1784292754173,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High-risk atherosclerosis is an underlying cause of cardiovascular events, yet identifying the specific patient population at immediate risk is still challenging. Here, we used a rabbit model of atherosclerotic plaque rupture and human carotid endarterectomy specimens to describe the potential of molecular fibrin imaging as a tool to identify thrombotic plaques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits were induced using a high-cholesterol diet and aortic balloon injury (N=13). Pharmacological triggering was used in a group of rabbits (n=9) to induce plaque disruption. Animals were grouped into thrombotic and nonthrombotic plaque groups based on gross pathology (gold standard). All animals were injected with a novel fibrin-specific probe\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga-CM246 followed by positron emission tomography (PET)\/magnetic resonance imaging 90 minutes later.\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga-CM246 was quantified on the PET images using tissue-to-background (back muscle) ratios and standardized uptake value.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both tissue-to-background (back muscle) ratios and standardized uptake value were significantly higher in the thrombotic versus nonthrombotic group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05). Ex vivo PET and autoradiography of the abdominal aorta correlated positively with in vivo PET measurements. Plaque disruption identified by\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga-CM246 PET agreed with gross pathology assessment (85%). In ex vivo surgical specimens obtained from patients undergoing elective carotid endarterectomy (N=12),\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga-CM246 showed significantly higher binding to carotid plaques compared to a D-cysteine nonbinding control probe.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We demonstrated that molecular fibrin PET imaging using\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga-CM246 could be a useful tool to diagnose experimental and clinical atherothrombosis. Based on our initial results using human carotid plaque specimens, in vivo molecular imaging studies are warranted to test\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga-CM246 PET as a tool to stratify risk in atherosclerotic patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.121.035638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T05:00:35Z","timestamp":1640840435000},"page":"595-604","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Imaging High-Risk Atherothrombosis Using a Novel Fibrin-Binding Positron Emission Tomography Probe"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0763-8827","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David","family":"Izquierdo-Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (D.I.-G., I.A.R., N.J.R., J.-K.C., T.W., C.C., P.C., I.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown."},{"name":"Harvard-MIT Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge (D.I.-G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Himashinie","family":"Diyabalanage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collagen Medical, LLC, Belmont, MA (H.D., I.A.R., V.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1896-4337","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ian A.","family":"Ramsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (D.I.-G., I.A.R., N.J.R., J.-K.C., T.W., C.C., P.C., I.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown."},{"name":"Collagen Medical, LLC, Belmont, MA (H.D., I.A.R., V.H.)."},{"name":"The Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown (I.A.R., N.J.R., C.C., P.C.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Rotile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (D.I.-G., I.A.R., N.J.R., J.-K.C., T.W., C.C., P.C., I.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown."},{"name":"The Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown (I.A.R., N.J.R., C.C., P.C.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Mauskapf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (A.M., F.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1842-8825","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ji-Kyung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (D.I.-G., I.A.R., N.J.R., J.-K.C., T.W., C.C., P.C., I.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Witzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (D.I.-G., I.A.R., N.J.R., J.-K.C., T.W., C.C., P.C., I.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4428-9304","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Valerie","family":"Humblet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collagen Medical, LLC, Belmont, MA (H.D., I.A.R., V.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7980-384X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Farouc A.","family":"Jaffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (A.M., F.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3814-868X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anna-Liisa","family":"Brownell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology (A.-L.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9211-5483","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Tawakol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (A.T.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3249-5971","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ciprian","family":"Catana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athinoula A. 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