{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T20:22:11Z","timestamp":1787862131981,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Nasogastric tube feeding (NG) has been widely used in patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke but is associated with a significant risk of complications including malnutrition and pneumonia. Intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding (IOE) can help alleviate these concerns. This study explored the clinical effect of IOE versus NG on nutritional status, swallowing function, stroke-associated pneumonia, and depression in patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This randomized controlled study included 148 patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke who underwent routine treatment and swallowing rehabilitation training in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine between July 2017 and July 2019 in China. The participants were randomly divided into the IOE group (n=74) and NG group (n=74) with IOE and NG as nutritional supports, respectively. The primary outcome was nutritional status including (1) body mass index (kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), (2) serum ALB (albumin, g\/L), and (3) PA (prealbumin, mg\/L). The secondary outcomes were (1) swallowing function including (i) Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and (ii) Penetration-Aspiration Scale, (2) pneumonia, (3) depression, and (4) adverse events. Statistical analyses for continuous outcomes were performed using <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic> test, Mann-Whitney <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">U<\/jats:italic> test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test and categorical variables using \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> test. SPSS 21.0 was used for all analysis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>There were no significant baseline differences between the 2 groups. After the treatment, the IOE group demonstrated significantly better results compared with the NG group in ALB ([32.71\u00b10.94] versus [32.28\u00b10.81] g\/L; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.003), PA ([278.15\u00b113.81] versus [270.31\u00b115.08] mg\/L; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.001], body mass index ([19.77\u00b11.03] versus [19.41\u00b10.98] kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.002], FOIS (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001), Penetration-Aspiration Scale (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001), stroke-associated pneumonia ([1, 4.05%] versus [26, 35.14%]; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001), depression ([1, 1.35%] versus [44, 59.46%]; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001) and overall less adverse events (reflux, fever, discomfort in the throat; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In patients with dysphagia with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke who received routine treatment and swallowing rehabilitation training, IOE is safer and more conducive to the improvement of nutritional status, swallowing function, stroke-associated pneumonia, and depression than NG.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>REGISTRATION:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>URL: https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn; Unique identifier: ChiCTR-INC-17011741.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.123.046122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]],"date-time":"2024-03-21T09:00:52Z","timestamp":1711011652000},"page":"1142-1150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effect of Intermittent Oro-Esophageal Tube Feeding in Bulbar Palsy After Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"55","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"chictr-inc-17011741","registry":"10.18810\/chictr"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3295-1260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongji","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China (H.Z., W.Z.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijia","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China (H.Z., W.Z.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junfa","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Junfa Wu)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China (Junfa Wu)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China (H.L., L.W., X.Z.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liugen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China (H.L., L.W., X.Z.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6079-5008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China (H.L., L.W., X.Z.)."},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China (X.Z.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e364","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000375","article-title":"2021 guideline for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association.","volume":"52","author":"Kleindorfer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"R2-20250410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-012-9414-0","article-title":"Dysphagia, nutrition, and hydration in ischemic stroke patients at admission and discharge from acute 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