{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T14:46:28Z","timestamp":1785941188126,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The efficacy of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in improving outcomes after nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains uncertain, with inconsistent findings from randomized clinical trials. Our objective was to evaluate the real-world impact of MIS on ICH outcomes using a nationally representative cohort.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with a nontraumatic ICH enrolled in the American Heart Association Get With The Guidelines-Stroke Registry between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2021. We excluded patients with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke or other intracranial hemorrhage subtypes, those who underwent open craniotomy or craniectomy, and patients transferred to another hospital. The exposure was MIS, defined as a composite of stereotactic surgical evacuation and endoscopic surgical evacuation. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, while secondary outcomes included functional outcomes at discharge (discharge disposition, ambulatory status, and modified Rankin Scale score). We matched patients who underwent MIS with nonsurgical patients using overlap propensity matching and used multiple logistic regression to study the association between MIS and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Among 684\u2005467 patients with ICH, 555\u2005964 were included; the mean age was 68 (SD, 15.3) years, and 262\u2005999 (47.3%) were female. MIS was performed in 703 patients of whom 312 had stereotactic surgery and 391 had endoscopic surgery. In the matched cohort, in-hospital deaths occurred in 60 of 446 (13.5%) with MIS and 8321 of 35\u2005361 patients (23.5%) without surgery. In regression analyses, MIS was associated with lower in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.39\u20130.65]) and favorable discharge disposition (adjusted odds ratio, 1.93 [95% CI, 1.61\u20132.32]) but not with ambulatory status or functional outcomes. In additional analyses, stereotactic surgery and endoscopic surgery were independently associated with lower mortality.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In a large diverse cohort of patients with ICH, MIS was associated with lower in-hospital mortality and favorable discharge disposition. These findings support efforts to understand the durable impact of MIS in patients with ICH.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.124.048650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T10:48:48Z","timestamp":1743677328000},"page":"1441-1450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Outcomes Following Minimally Invasive Surgery for Intracerebral Hemorrhage in the AHA Get With The Guidelines-Stroke Registry"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4950-0992","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Santosh B.","family":"Murthy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute and Department of Neurology (S.B.M., C.Z., H.K.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8137-1644","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cenai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute and Department of Neurology (S.B.M., C.Z., H.K.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4206-9084","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew L.A.","family":"Garton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery (A.L.A.G., J.K.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3914-8419","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Brian","family":"Mac Grory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (B.M.G., S.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8441-6326","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shreyansh","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (B.M.G., S.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3192-8093","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gregg C.","family":"Fonarow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (G.C.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0592-9145","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lee H.","family":"Schwamm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.H.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1278-6245","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Deepak L.","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital (D.L.B.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3956-1668","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eric E.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, AB, Canada (E.E.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6407-0302","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guido J.","family":"Falcone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health (G.J.F., S.P., K.N.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, 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