{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:37:00Z","timestamp":1790303820875,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GLP-1RAs (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists) have consistently demonstrated a protective effect against ischemic stroke. However, whether this benefit also extends to nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains unknown. Given the blood pressure\u2013lowering and anti-inflammatory properties of GLP-1RAs, we aimed to evaluate their potential impact on ICH risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using global health care data from the TriNetX network. Patients with type 2 diabetes who used GLP-1RAs (n=326\u2005777) were compared with those who did not (n=643\u2005614). Propensity score matching (1:1) was performed to balance baseline characteristics, and follow-up was conducted for up to 4 years. The primary outcomes included all-cause mortality, ischemic stroke, and ICH (overall and by location). Hazard ratios and 95% CIs were calculated to assess the mean treatment effect in the treated group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After propensity score matching (resulting in 2 balanced groups of 255\u2005460 individuals each), GLP-1RAs use was associated with a lower risk of ICH (hazard ratio, 0.743 [95% CI, 0.684\u20130.807]). The lower ICH risk associated with GLP-1RAs was observed across all ICH locations (all\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u22640.01). In addition, exposure to GLP-1RAs was associated with a significantly lower rate of mortality (hazard ratio, 0.525 [95% CI, 0.512\u20130.538]) and ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 0.871 [95% CI, 0.843\u20130.901]).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights a novel potential association between GLP-1RAs and a lower risk of ICH in patients with type 2 diabetes. Prospective studies and future trials are needed to confirm the potential protective effect of GLP-1RAs on small vessel rupture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.125.050972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T05:00:35Z","timestamp":1749099635000},"page":"2761-2766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Nontraumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9976-2459","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marco","family":"Pasi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, CIC-IT 1415, INSERM 1253 iBrain (M.P., A. Bretonni\u00e8re), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Bretonni\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, CIC-IT 1415, INSERM 1253 iBrain (M.P., A. Bretonni\u00e8re), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6006-6034","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lisa","family":"Lochon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nutrition (L.L., A.D., P.H.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4460-7668","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Arnaud","family":"Dosda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nutrition (L.L., A.D., P.H.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3449-1800","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Arnaud","family":"Bisson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department (A. Bisson, L.F.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8422-9205","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gr\u00e9goire","family":"Boulouis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Centres d\u2019Investigation Clinique \u2013 Innovation Technologique (CIC-IT) 1415, INSERM 1253 iBrain (G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6109-0386","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pierre Henri","family":"Ducluzeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nutrition (L.L., A.D., P.H.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9267-1658","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laurent","family":"Fauchier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department (A. Bisson, L.F.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01686-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00203-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.038151"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.027557"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01931-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000010418"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00424-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30079-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-024-01035-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.27258"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02672-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.024148"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00114-X"}],"container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.125.050972","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:29:18Z","timestamp":1786631358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.125.050972"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/STROKEAHA.125.050972"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/strokeaha.125.050972","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-28","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}