{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T18:29:58Z","timestamp":1790274598107,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stroke burden and structural inequities in stroke education among US Spanish-speaking Hispanic and Latino (SSHL) adults suggest a need for culturally appropriate education. Existing Spanish stroke recognition acronyms need to be evaluated among SSHL adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 3-phase exploratory sequential design was used. To inform design of AHORA (Andar [Walk] or Alzar [Raise], Hablar [Talk], Ojos [Eyes], Rostro [Face], Ambos Brazos [Both Arms] or Activar [Activate]), PARA Stroke (Palabras [Words], Alzar [Raise], Rostro [Face], Avisar [Warn]), and R\u00c1PIDO (Rostro Ca\u00eddo [Face Drooping], Alteraci\u00f3n Del Equilibrio [Loss of Balance], P\u00e9rdida de Fuerza en el Brazo o Una Pierna [Loss of Strength in an Arm or Leg], Impedimento Visual [Visual Impairment], Dificultad PARA Stroke Hablar [Difficulty Speaking], Obt\u00e9n Ayuda [Get Help]) before a randomized, parallel, 4-group prepost efficacy study involving 1105 SSHL participants (phase 3), interviews with health care professionals (n=15; phase 1) in May-June 2022 and focus groups with SSHL individuals (n=24; phase 2) were conducted in June-July 2022. Participants viewed a 1-minute video that included AHORA, PARA Stroke, R\u00c1PIDO, or usual care (education without an acronym). Stroke knowledge and intent to contact 9-1-1 were examined pre- and 30 days post-video exposure via online questionnaires. Ordinal regression analyses were completed to determine acronym performances in improving stroke recognition, and binomial regression analyses were completed to determine increasing intention to call 9-1-1. Post hoc repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine if any acronym led to the greatest increase in intention to call 9-1-1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At 30 days post-video (n=367), odds of recognizing more stroke signs compared with usual care were given as follows: odds ratio, 0.87 (95% CI, 0.45\u20131.69;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.69), odds ratio, 0.54 (95% CI, 0.28\u20131.00;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.05), and odds ratio, 1.47 (95% CI, 0.73\u20132.99;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.28), and odds of increased intent to call 9-1-1 were given as follows: 1.18 (95% CI, 0.59\u20132.37;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.64), 0.95 (95% CI, 0.49\u20131.80;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.76), and 1.06 (95% CI, 0.54\u20132.06;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.84) for AHORA, PARA Stroke, and R\u00c1PIDO, respectively. The acronyms had significant long-term positive effects on the intent to call 9-1-1 (F[1101]=251.457;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001; MSE=41.321) although no significant differences were observed between the acronyms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AHORA, PARA Stroke, and R\u00c1PIDO performed comparably to usual care. Healthcare professionals and SSHL consumers preferred a Spanish-language acronym, specifically R\u00c1PIDO and PARA Stroke, compared with an acronym translated verbatim from English to Spanish.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.125.051628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T10:00:13Z","timestamp":1768384813000},"page":"709-720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Stroke Recognition Tools for Spanish-Speaking Consumers: A Nationwide Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3444-4294","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jennifer E.S.","family":"Beauchamp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cizik School of Nursing, Department of Research and Institute for Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (J.E.S.B.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9733-9294","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Remle","family":"Crowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESO, Inc, Austin, TX (R.C.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1265-2172","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Mohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"American Stroke Association Division of the American Heart Association, Dallas, TX (S.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8584-1455","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hugo J.","family":"Aparicio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, MA (H.J.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Customer and Market Research Team, American Heart Association, Dallas, TX (M.D., E.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco A.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, OH (M.A.G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1361-3693","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dawn","family":"Kleindorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3695-2946","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Enrique C.","family":"Leira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Carver College of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa (E.C.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5539-5933","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lynda","family":"Lisabeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yolanda","family":"Reyes-Iglesias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL (Y.R.-I.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8948-4456","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Customer and Market Research Team, American Heart Association, Dallas, TX (M.D., E.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Biller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, IL (J.B.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199512143332401"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.13647"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015169"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.484329"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JNN.0000000000000674"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","unstructured":"Krogstad JM Passel JS Noe-Bustamante L. 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