{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T08:00:25Z","timestamp":1793174425452,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":188,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Perihematomal edema (PHE) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a biomarker of secondary brain injury. We aimed to determine the direction, strength, and temporality of the association between PHE and functional outcome after ICH onset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We did a systematic review to identify cohort studies or trials that used brain computed tomography (CT) imaging to diagnose ICH, and measured functional outcome. We sought individual participant data if they had a diagnostic CT within 72 hours, a repeat CT within 14 days of the diagnostic scan, and were not treated with surgery or therapy that could affect PHE. We did a 2-stage individual participant data meta-analysis. The primary analysis was the association between the change in absolute PHE volume between the diagnostic CT and repeat CT and the primary outcome of death or dependence (modified Rankin Scale score, 3\u20136) at 90\u00b114 days after ICH onset. We quantified the association between change in absolute PHE volume at 2 repeat CT time points (24\u00b112 and 72\u00b112 hours) and outcome, both unadjusted and adjusted for age, sex, ICH volume on the diagnostic CT, and intraventricular extension using multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From 12\u2009969 studies, 38 were eligible, of which 12 studies (with 1 unpublished cohort and the VISTA [Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive]-ICH databank) provided data. We included 1523 participants, of whom 1347 participants (516 [38%] participants female; median age, 66 [interquartile range, 55\u201375] years) had repeat CT at 24\u00b112 hours, and 495 (195 [39%] participants female; median age, 66 [interquartile range, 55\u201374] years) had repeat CT at 72\u00b112 hours. 319 participants contributed to both analyses. Death or dependence was associated with absolute PHE growth both in the first 24\u00b112 hours (unadjusted odds ratio, 1.04 per mL increase [95% CI, 1.01\u20131.06];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.01; adjusted odds ratio, 1.04 per mL increase [95% CI, 1.01\u20131.06];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.01) and in the first 72\u00b112 hours (unadjusted odds ratio, 1.03 per mL [95% CI, 1.01\u20131.04];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.01; adjusted odds ratio, 1.02 [95% CI, 1.01\u20131.04] per 1 mL increase;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PHE growth within 24 and 72 hours of ICH onset is independently associated with death or dependence after ICH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.125.053991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T10:00:41Z","timestamp":1772618441000},"page":"1310-1324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Perihematomal Edema and Functional Outcome After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Meta-Analysis of Individual Participant Data"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6840-0199","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Neshika","family":"Samarasekera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research (N. Samarasekera, G.M., T.J.M., M.A.R., R.A.-S.S.), The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6186-6794","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sharon","family":"Tuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute (S.T., C.J.W., R.A.-S.S.), The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1684-7076","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine (X.W., C.S.A., R.A.-S.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7248-4863","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Craig S.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine (X.W., C.S.A., R.A.-S.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6029-6822","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alireza","family":"Shirazian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medical Center, IL (A.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0453-1530","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bastian","family":"Volbers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnbergt Erlangen-Nrnberg, Germany (B.V., H.B.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0992-8871","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hagen B.","family":"Huttner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnbergt Erlangen-Nrnberg, Germany (B.V., H.B.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9969-9362","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sarah","family":"Marchina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Stroke Division, Boston, MA (S.M., C.N., M.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3361-6365","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Casey","family":"Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Stroke Division, Boston, MA (S.M., C.N., M.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1936-3173","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Magdy","family":"Selim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Stroke Division, Boston, MA (S.M., C.N., M.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2003-5473","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kevin","family":"Sheth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.S., G.J.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6407-0302","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guido J.","family":"Falcone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.S., G.J.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1401-2398","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pedro","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal (P.C.)."},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3orio de So Joo, Porto, Portugal (P.C.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2189-443X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Grant","family":"Mair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research (N. 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