{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T20:58:05Z","timestamp":1781125085962,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reading impairments are common in stroke-induced aphasia and limit participation in functional and leisure activities. Traditional rehabilitation strategies show limited generalization, underscoring the need for novel interventions targeting residual neural networks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This feasibility randomized controlled trial evaluated real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neurofeedback intervention for poststroke reading deficits. Subacute left-hemisphere stroke survivors and healthy controls completed 3 weekly fMRI neurofeedback and 10 out-of-scanner practice sessions. Stroke participants were randomized to contingent neurofeedback (based on left supramarginal gyrus activity; n=4) or noncontingent neurofeedback (shuffled feedback from another participant; n=3). Healthy controls (n=4) received contingent neurofeedback and served as a normative reference. Primary outcomes were changes from baseline to postintervention (\u22483 weeks) in task-based brain activity (motor imagery\/word\/nonword reading&gt;baseline), resting-state connectivity, and reading aloud. Reading comprehension was a secondary outcome. Group\u00d7session effects were tested using repeated-measures analyses and planned contrasts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Task fMRI revealed training-related activation increases in the left supramarginal gyrus (z=4.7; cluster-corrected\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.05) and broader reading network in the contingent neurofeedback group, particularly during nonword reading. Activation increases in the noncontingent stroke group and healthy controls were more widespread and less reading-specific. Resting-state fMRI revealed greater integration among motor, auditory, and language networks in the contingent groups, with more disorganized patterns in the noncontingent group (permutation\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.01; \u0394r=\u22120.1 to 0.1). No changes were observed in reading aloud. A significant group\u00d7session interaction was found for Reading Comprehension Battery for Aphasia, second edition (F[2, 8]=8.00;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05; \u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      =0.67). The contingent neurofeedback stroke group improved more than healthy controls (mean group difference in Reading Comprehension Battery for Aphasia, second edition, change score=9.75 [95% CI, 1.99\u201317.51]; t[6]=3.07;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05) and more than the noncontingent neurofeedback stroke group (mean group difference in Reading Comprehension Battery for Aphasia, second edition, change score=11.42 [95% CI, 1.12\u201321.71]; t[5]=2.85;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings support the feasibility of targeting the residual reading network during early recovery using fMRI neurofeedback. Confirmation of these preliminary effects awaits completion of the ongoing randomized controlled trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>REGISTRATION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      URL:\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\">https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ; Unique identifier: NCT04875936.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.125.054877","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T09:00:16Z","timestamp":1775811616000},"page":"1535-1548","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback for Reading Rehabilitation in Aphasia"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"57","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04875936","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4298-2893","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Olga","family":"Boukrina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Stroke Rehabilitation Research (O.B.), Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ."},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark (O.B., G.H.Y.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3188-709X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abubakar","family":"Yamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York School of Medicine (A.Y.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9516-2410","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guang H.","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mobility and Rehabilitation Engineering Research (G.H.Y.), Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ."},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark (O.B., G.H.Y.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8918-1757","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yekyung","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, West Orange, NJ (Y. 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