{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T14:49:34Z","timestamp":1791384574174,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SVIN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate possible associations between anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) therapy and cSDH (chronic subdural hematoma) outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cohort study using the TriNetX Research Network, comparing patients with cSDH taking anti-VEGF agents to controls through propensity score matching. Outcomes measured were assessed at 6 months and 1 year follow-up and included cSDH rebleeding, endovascular or surgical cSDH treatment, mortality, headaches, stroke, arterial hypertension, proteinuria, and major bleeding (noncranial).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After propensity matching, 737 patients were included in both anti-VEGF and control cohorts at 6 months, and 722 patients in each cohort at 1 year. Baseline characteristics were well balanced. At 6-months, the anti-VEGF group had significantly lower odds of rebleeding (odds ratio [OR], 0.204 [95% CI, 0.159\u20130.26];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001), craniotomy (OR, 0.340 [95% CI, 0.155\u20130.680];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.002), and mortality (OR, 0.778 [95% CI, 0.615\u20130.990];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.037). At 1-year, reduced odds persisted for rebleeding (OR, 0.158 [95% CI, 0.122\u20130.200];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001), craniotomy (OR, 0.250 [95% CI, 0.116\u20130.490];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001), embolization (OR, 0.380 [95% CI, 0.172\u20130.770];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.007), and mortality (OR, 0.677 [95% CI, 0.520\u20130.880];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.003). Arterial hypertension was higher in the anti-VEGF group at 6 months (OR, 1.240 [95% CI, 1.000\u20131.530];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.048), but not 1 year (OR, 1.110 [95% CI, 0.904\u20131.350];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.330). No significant differences were observed in headache, stroke, proteinuria, or major bleeding at either time point.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anti-VEGF therapy is associated with significantly reduced rebleeding, reintervention rates, and mortality in patients with cSDH at both 6 months and 1 year. A transient increased incidence of arterial hypertension was noted at 6 months, but other major adverse events were not significantly different. Further randomized, prospective studies are warranted to confirm these results and optimize treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/svin.125.001871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T10:00:16Z","timestamp":1765879216000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy in Chronic Subdural Hematoma Patients: A Propensity-Matched Multi-Institutional Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1833-4589","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matias","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (M.C., S.O.L., C.C.Y., P.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3650-705X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sean","family":"O\u2019Leary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (M.C., S.O.L., C.C.Y., P.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher C.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (M.C., S.O.L., C.C.Y., P.K.)."},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (C.C.Y.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6649-4128","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Peter","family":"Kan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (M.C., S.O.L., C.C.Y., P.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2016.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.140"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.9.JNS141550"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","unstructured":"Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A Historical and Clinical Perspective. 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