{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T10:18:40Z","timestamp":1790849920499,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Croatian Society for Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biochem. med. (Online)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>IntroductionOlanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug which is effective in the treatment of schizophrenia. Cigarette smoking, age, and sex could be related to the pharmacokinetics and serum concentrations of olanzapine in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of the study was to examine whether there was a significant difference in the serum olanzapine concentrations with regard to the mentioned factors.\nMaterials and methodsA total of 58 outpatients with schizophrenia (37 smokers, 42 men, 35 older than 40 years) participated in the study. Blood was sampled in serum tubes just before taking the next dose of olanzapine. Olanzapine was extracted by liquid-liquid extraction and was measured by an in-house high-performance liquid chromatography method on Shimadzu Prominence HPLC System with diode array detector SPD-M20A (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). The results were expressed as the ratio of concentration to the daily dose of olanzapine (C\/D). Non-parametric statistical tests were used to analyse differences between variables.\nResultsThe median C\/D of olanzapine (interquartile range) in smokers was 6.0 (3.4-10.2) nmol\/L\/mg and in non-smokers 10.1 (5.9-17.6) nmol\/L\/mg; P = 0.007. The median C\/D of olanzapine in patients younger than 40 years was 5.6 (4.5-10.2) nmol\/L\/mg and in patients older than 40 years 8.4 (5.6-13.0) nmol\/L\/mg; P = 0.105. The median C\/D of olanzapine in male patients was 6.6 (4.6-10.4) nmol\/L\/mg and in female patients 9.0 (5.9-15.3) nmol\/L\/mg; P = 0.064.\nConclusionsThe serum olanzapine concentration was significantly lower in smoking than in non-smoking patients with schizophrenia. No significant difference was demonstrated with regard to age and sex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.11613\/bm.2023.030702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T12:44:01Z","timestamp":1697028241000},"page":"305-313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Association of smoking cigarettes, age, and sex with serum concentrations of olanzapine in patients with schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.11613","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Mila","family":"Lovri\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of pharmacy and biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"\u0160agud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of psychiatry and psychological medicine, University hospital centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrijana","family":"\u0160\u010davni\u010dar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of laboratory diagnostics, University hospital centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maja","family":"\u017divkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for psychiatry, Clinical hospital Vrap\u010de, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihovil","family":"Horvat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of pharmacy and biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mate","family":"Kadija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of pharmacy and biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 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