{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T15:51:13Z","timestamp":1765295473220},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Croatian Society for Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biochem. med. (Online)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Graphical abstract\nHighlights\n\u2022 Venous blood sampling in Lithuania: noncompliance with EFLM-COLABIOCLI\n\u2022 Inadequate continuous education is linked to poor phlebotomy practices\n\u2022 Biomedical technicians, trained in phlebotomy, show higher compliance than nurses\n\u2022 Harmonising blood collection practices across healthcare institutions is crucial\nIntroductionThe aim of this study was to determine the level of compliance of venous blood sampling (VBS) in Lithuania with the joint recommendations of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine and the Latin American Confederation of Clinical Biochemistry (EFLM-COLABIOCLI) and to analyse possible causes of errors. A survey was conducted between April and September 2022.\nMaterials and methodsA self-designed questionnaire was distributed to the Lithuanian National Societies. Error frequencies and compliance score were computed. Differences between groups were analysed using Pearson\u2019s chi-square, Fisher\u2019s exact criterion, Mann-Whitney U (for two groups), or Kruskal-Wallis (for more than two groups) for categorical and discrete indicators. The association between ordinal and discrete variables was assessed using Spearman\u2019s rank correlation coefficient. Statistical significance was determined at P &lt; 0.05.\nResultsA total of 272 respondents completed the questionnaire. Median error rate and compliance score were 31.5% and 13\/19, respectively. Significant differences were found among professional titles, standard operating procedures availability, training recency, and tourniquet purpose opinions. A negative correlation was noted between compliance and time since training (rs = - 0.28, P &lt; 0.001).\nConclusionsThe findings of this study indicate that there is a significant need for improvement in compliance with the EFLM-COLABIOCLI recommendations on VBS among specialists in Lithuania. Essential measures include prioritizing ongoing phlebotomy training and establishing national guidelines. Harmonisation of blood collection practices across healthcare institutions is crucial.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.11613\/bm.2024.020702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T09:03:15Z","timestamp":1713258195000},"page":"254-262","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A survey on the practice of phlebotomy in Lithuania and adherence to the EFLM-COLABIOCLI recommendations"],"prefix":"10.11613","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Ricardas","family":"Stonys","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dalius","family":"Vitkus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4885","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20240416050256_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2014-1053","article-title":"Compliance of blood sampling procedures with the CLSI H3-A6 guidelines: An observational study by the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) working group for the preanalytical phase (WG-PRE).","volume":"53","author":"Simundic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r2","unstructured":"World Health Organisation. WHO guidelines on drawing blood: best practices in phlebotomy [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241599221. 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A joint consensus statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society and European Fede.","volume":"37","author":"Nordestgaard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2010.06.014","article-title":"Reducing the incidence of pseudohyperkalemia by avoiding making a fist during phlebotomy: A quality improvement report.","volume":"56","author":"Seimiya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2019-0433","article-title":"Heparin and citrate additive carryover during blood collection.","volume":"57","author":"Keppel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18041568","article-title":"The Order of Draw during Blood Collection: A Systematic Literature Review.","volume":"18","author":"Bazzano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2011-200206","article-title":"Effect of order of draw of blood samples during phlebotomy on routine biochemistry results.","volume":"64","author":"Sulaiman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2021.020704","article-title":"Order of draw of blood samples affect potassium results without K-EDTA contamination during routine workflow.","volume":"31","author":"Ercan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochem Med (Zagreb)"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2013.026","article-title":"Incorrect order of draw could be mitigate the patient safety: a phlebotomy management case report.","volume":"23","author":"Lima-Oliveira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochem Med (Zagreb)"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r23","first-page":"597","article-title":"Multi-centre observational study of spurious hyperkalaemia due to EDTA contamination.","volume":"56","author":"Cornes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Lab"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2016-1152","article-title":"Intensive educational efforts combined with external quality assessment improve the preanalytical phase in general practitioner offices and nursing homes.","volume":"55","author":"S\u00f8lvik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1515\/jomb-2017-0045","article-title":"The Effects of Education and Training Given to Phlebotomists for Reducing Preanalytical Errors.","volume":"37","author":"Arslan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Biochem"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r26","article-title":"Quality improvement project: Reducing non-conformities of the samples for haemostasis testing in a secondary healthcare centre through the nurses\u2019 education in phlebotomy.","volume":"30","author":"Radovanovi\u0107","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem Med (Zagreb)"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e32","DOI":"10.1093\/labmed\/lmz092","article-title":"Current Practice and Regional Variability in Recommendations for Patient Preparation for Laboratory Testing in Primary Care.","volume":"51","author":"Salinas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lab Med"},{"key":"key20240416050256_r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-5-39","article-title":"A content validated questionnaire for assessment of self reported venous blood sampling practices.","volume":"5","author":"B\u00f6lenius","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"}],"container-title":["Biochemia medica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.biochemia-medica.com\/en\/journal\/34\/2\/10.11613\/BM.2024.020702\/fullArticle","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T06:27:46Z","timestamp":1718260066000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.biochemia-medica.com\/en\/journal\/34\/2\/10.11613\/BM.2024.020702"}},"subtitle":["continuous training and clear standard operating procedures as tools for better quality"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11613\/bm.2024.020702","relation":{},"ISSN":["1846-7482","1330-0962"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1846-7482","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1330-0962","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]]}}}