{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]],"date-time":"2025-06-14T04:05:54Z","timestamp":1749873954774,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Croatian Society for Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biochem. med. (Online)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Traditional internal quality control (IQC) has limitations in detecting systematic errors in clinical laboratories. Patient-Based Real-Time Quality Control (PBRTQC) has emerged as a complementary method, offering new approaches for quality monitoring. Among these, monitoring daily positivity rates provides meaningful insights into laboratory performance.\nMaterials and methods: This study highlights a case in which PBRTQC was implemented to detect and address a reagent batch issue in thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) testing. Over one year (July 2023 to July 2024), daily positivity rates and their fluctuations were retrospectively analyzed and daily positivity rate alarm limits were established for monitoring.\nResults: A notable increase in the TPO-Ab positivity rate was identified starting in June 2024. For outpatients and inpatients, the positivity rates in June and July 2024 were 46.1% \u00b1 7.8% (N = 9039) and 61.4% \u00b1 12.0% (N = 8735), respectively. For the physical examination population, the positivity rates during the same months were 30.0% \u00b1 11.7% (N = 4754) and 52.5% \u00b1 18.1% (N = 5726), respectively. These rates were significantly higher than the pre-June 2024 average monthly positivity rates of 30.0% \u00b1 2.9% (N = 9070 per month) for patients and 11.0% \u00b1 2.4% (N = 4663 per month) for the physical examination population.\nConclusions: PBRTQC, particularly monitoring daily positivity rates, is a valuable tool for early detection of systematic errors. Establishing PBRTQC systems can supplement traditional IQC to improve laboratory test quality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.11613\/bm.2025.020801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T07:53:21Z","timestamp":1744703601000},"page":"286-289","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Application and insights on patient-based real-time quality control detecting undetected errors in internal quality control through daily antibody positivity rate analysis"],"prefix":"10.11613","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Ling","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China. State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liangyu","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenyi","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaochao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4885","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20250415075318_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2019-1024","article-title":"Recommendation for performance verification of patient-based real-time quality control.","volume":"58","author":"Loh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"key20250415075318_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1080\/10408363.2022.2088685","article-title":"Technical quality assurance and quality control for medical laboratories: a review and proposal of a new concept to obtain integrated and validated QA\/QC plans.","volume":"59","author":"van Rossum","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"key20250415075318_r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2016.269258","article-title":"Moving Average for Continuous Quality Control: Time to Move to Implementation in Daily Practice?","volume":"63","author":"van Rossum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"key20250415075318_r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/hvaa094","article-title":"Understanding Patient-Based Real-Time Quality Control Using Simulation Modeling.","volume":"66","author":"Bietenbeck","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"key20250415075318_r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2022.06.028","article-title":"Optimization of patient-based real-time quality control based on the Youden index.","volume":"534","author":"\u0130lhan Topcu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"key20250415075318_r6","unstructured":"Westgard JO. Westgard Rules for quality control. Available from: https:\/\/westgard.com\/westgard-rules.html. Accessed January 19th, 2025."},{"key":"key20250415075318_r7","unstructured":"R Core Team. 2023. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/"},{"key":"key20250415075318_r8"},{"key":"key20250415075318_r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2020.06.014","article-title":"Real-world big-data studies in laboratory medicine: Current status, application, and future considerations.","volume":"84","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"key20250415075318_r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2024.120006","article-title":"Real world feasibility of patient-based real time quality control (PBRTQC) using five analytes in a South African laboratory.","volume":"565","author":"Sewpersad","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"}],"container-title":["Biochemia medica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/biochemia-medica.com\/en\/journal\/35\/2\/10.11613\/BM.2025.020801\/fullArticle","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T13:08:58Z","timestamp":1749820138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/biochemia-medica.com\/en\/journal\/35\/2\/10.11613\/BM.2025.020801"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,15]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11613\/bm.2025.020801","relation":{},"ISSN":["1846-7482","1330-0962"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1846-7482"},{"type":"print","value":"1330-0962"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,15]]}}}