{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T13:51:25Z","timestamp":1782395485502,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Croatian Society for Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biochem. med. (Online)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Accurate diagnostic tests are essential in clinical and laboratory medicine. Evaluation of diagnostic test performance requires advanced statistical expertise and the use of specialized or proprietary software. The aim of this work is to develop an open-source R Shiny application for facilitating diagnostic test evaluation by integrating statistical rigor with user-friendly interactivity.\n                    <jats:bold>Materials and methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The EvalTest application was developed in the R programming language using the Shiny framework and released as an open-source package on the Comprehensive R Archive Network, with the full source code available on GitHub. In addition, the application is available on a cloud platform and accessible via web browser. Statistical formulas used to compute diagnostic performance indicators and their confidence intervals were implemented within the R environment to ensure transparency and reproducibility.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The developed application provides an interactive interface for importing Excel datasets, setting test variable type, selecting test and reference variables, and specifying disease prevalence. It automatically computes key diagnostic performance indicators, including sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios, accuracy, the Youden index, and the area under the curve (AUC), along with their 95% confidence intervals. EvalTest also generates confusion matrices, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves with confidence bands, and identifies the optimal cutoff for quantitative tests. All numerical and graphical outputs can be exported in suitable formats to facilitate reporting and documentation.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    EvalTest provides an open and reproducible solution for diagnostic test evaluation by computing and visualizing key performance measures with their confidence intervals, supporting its use in clinical and research settings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.11613\/bm.2026.020101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T07:56:43Z","timestamp":1775721403000},"page":"175-184","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["EvalTest: a web-based tool for the assessment of diagnostic test performance"],"prefix":"10.11613","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Nassim","family":"Ayad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Modeling and Biostatistics Unit, Pasteur Institute of Algeria","place":["Algiers, Algeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4885","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20260409075639_r1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaluation of the performance of a diagnostic test: Reproducibility, Internal validity and External validity.","volume":"100","author":"Ben Hassine","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tunis Med"},{"key":"key20260409075639_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.03.015","article-title":"The evaluation of diagnostic tests: evidence on technical and diagnostic accuracy, impact on patient outcome and cost-effectiveness is needed.","volume":"60","author":"Van den Bruel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"key20260409075639_r3"},{"key":"key20260409075639_r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-statistics-040720-022432","article-title":"Statistical evaluation of medical tests.","volume":"8","author":"In\u00e1cio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu Rev Stat Appl"},{"key":"key20260409075639_r5"},{"key":"key20260409075639_r6"},{"key":"key20260409075639_r7"},{"key":"key20260409075639_r8","unstructured":"Dorai-Raj S. binom: binomial confidence intervals for several parameterizations [R package]. Version 1.1. 2022. Available from: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=binom. Accessed November 11th 2025."},{"key":"key20260409075639_r9","unstructured":"Xie Y, Cheng J, Tan X, Aden-Buie GDT. a wrapper of the JavaScript library \u2018DataTables\u2019 [R package]. Version 0.34.0. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=DT. Accessed November 11th 2025."},{"key":"key20260409075639_r10","unstructured":"Wickham H, Chang W, Henry L, Pedersen TL, Takahashi K, Wilke C, et al. ggplot2: create elegant data visualisations using the grammar of graphics [R package]. Version 4.0.0. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=ggplot2. Accessed November 11th 2025."},{"key":"key20260409075639_r11","unstructured":"Kassambara A. ggpubr: \u2018ggplot2\u2019 based publication ready plots [R package]. Version 0.6.1. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=ggpubr. Accessed November 11th 2025."},{"key":"key20260409075639_r12","unstructured":"Schauberger P, Walker A. openxlsx: read, write and edit xlsx files [R package]. Version 4.2.8. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=openxlsx. Accessed November 11th 2025."},{"key":"key20260409075639_r13","unstructured":"Robin X, Turck N, Hainard A, Tiberti N, Lisacek F, Sanchez JC, et al. pROC: display and analyze ROC curves [R package]. Version 1.19.0.1. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=pROC. Accessed November 11th 2025."},{"key":"key20260409075639_r14","unstructured":"Wickham H, Bryan J. readxl: read excel files [R package]. Version 1.4.5. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=readxl. Accessed November 11th 2025."},{"key":"key20260409075639_r15","unstructured":"Chang W, Borges Ribeiro B. shinydashboard: create dashboards with \u2018shiny\u2019 [R package]. Version 0.7.3. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=shinydashboard. Accessed November 11th 2025."},{"key":"key20260409075639_r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ayad N. EvalTest: a Shiny app to evaluate diagnostic test performance [R package]. Version 1.0.5. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=EvalTest. 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