{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T21:19:09Z","timestamp":1790630349654,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A woman (LR), unconscious for 20 years, spontaneously produces infrequent, isolated words unrelated to any environmental context. Fluorodeoxy-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging coregistered with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mean brain metabolism equivalent to deep anesthesia. Nevertheless, PET imaging demonstrated islands of modestly higher metabolism that included Broca's and Wernicke's areas. Functional brain imaging with magnetoencephalographic (MEG) imaging, a technique providing a temporal resolution of better than 1 msec, identified preserved dynamic patterns of spontaneous and evoked brain activity in response to sensory stimulation. Specifically, we examined spontaneous gamma-band activity (near 40 Hz) and its reset or modification during early auditory processing, a measure that correlates with human perception of sensory stimuli (Joliot, Ribary, &amp; Llin\u00e1s, 1994). Evidence of abnormal and incomplete gamma-band responses appeared in the left hemisphere only in response to auditory or somatosensory stimulation. MEG single-dipole reconstructions localized to the auditory cortex in the left hemisphere and overlapped with metabolically active regions identified by FDG-PET. The observation demonstrates that isolated neuronal groups may express well-defined fragments of activity in a severely damaged, unconscious brain. The motor fixed-action pattern character of her expressed words supports the notion of brain modularity in word generation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/089892999563715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T11:55:01Z","timestamp":1027770901000},"page":"650-656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Words without Mind"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Schiff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Medical College of Cornell University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urs","family":"Ribary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Plum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Medical College of Cornell University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Llin\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5365.902"},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1994.00540220088018"},{"key":"p_3","first-page":"330","volume":"36","author":"Broca P.","year":"1861","journal-title":"Bulletin Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Anatomique of Paris"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(94)90432-4"},{"key":"p_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1990.00530020103022"},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1439839"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)90242-5"},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.24.11748"},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410220602"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.3.897"},{"key":"p_13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.5.2078"},{"key":"p_15","first-page":"565","volume":"26","author":"Marie P.","year":"1906","journal-title":"Seminars in Medicine"},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.8.3593"},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199405263302107"},{"key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.20.8996"},{"key":"p_19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410060502"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1998.0345"},{"key":"p_21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199607000-00018"},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.24.11037"},{"key":"p_24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(18)30939-X"},{"key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/32\/1\/004"},{"key":"p_26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(18)30938-8"},{"key":"p_27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-08-02788.1996"},{"key":"p_28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.10.4396"},{"key":"p_29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008506-199504000-00006"},{"key":"p_30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1997.9.2.266"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/11\/6\/650\/1933457\/089892999563715.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/11\/6\/650\/1933457\/089892999563715.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T16:39:56Z","timestamp":1627403996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article\/11\/6\/650\/3396\/Words-without-Mind"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/089892999563715","relation":{},"ISSN":["0898-929X","1530-8898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0898-929X","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-8898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1999,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]}}}