{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T12:31:07Z","timestamp":1770985867029,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":3,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Computation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The natural gradient descent method is applied to train an n-m-1 multilayer perceptron. Based on an efficient scheme to represent the Fisher information matrix for an n-m-1 stochastic multilayer perceptron, a new algorithm is proposed to calculate the natural gradient without inverting the Fisher information matrix explicitly. When the input dimension n is much larger than the number of hidden neurons m, the time complexity of computing the natural gradient is O(n). <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/089976698300017007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T11:55:01Z","timestamp":1027770901000},"page":"2137-2157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Complexity Issues in Natural Gradient Descent Method for Training Multilayer Perceptrons"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Howard Hua","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Oregon Graduate Institute, Portland, OR 97291, U.S.A."}]},{"given":"Shun-ichi","family":"Amari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Information Synthesis, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-01, Japan"}]}],"member":"281","reference":[{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089976698300017746"},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.52.4225"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(97)01114-5"}],"container-title":["Neural Computation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mitpressjournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1162\/089976698300017007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T21:51:56Z","timestamp":1615585916000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/neco\/article\/10\/8\/2137-2157\/6205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,1]]},"references-count":3,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1162\/089976698300017007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/089976698300017007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-7667","1530-888X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-7667","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-888X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,1]]}}}