{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T10:20:45Z","timestamp":1775470845686,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Computation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Cortical neurons of behaving animals generate irregular spike sequences. Recently, there has been a heated discussion about the origin of this irregularity. Softky and Koch (1993) pointed out the inability of standard single-neuron models to reproduce the irregularity of the observed spike sequences when the model parameters are chosen within a certain range that they consider to be plausible. Shadlen and Newsome (1994), on the other hand, demonstrated that a standard leaky integrate-and-fire model can reproduce the irregularity if the inhibition is balanced with the excitation. Motivated by this discussion, we attempted to determine whether the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, which is naturally derived from the leaky integration assumption, can in fact reproduce higher-order statistics of biological data. For this purpose, we consider actual neuronal spike sequences recorded from the monkey prefrontal cortex to calculate the higher-order statistics of the interspike intervals. Consistency of the data with the model is examined on the basis of the coefficient of variation and the skewness coefficient, which are, respectively, a measure of the spiking irregularity and a measure of the asymmetry of the interval distribution. It is found that the biological data are not consistent with the model if the model time constant assumes a value within a certain range believed to cover all reasonable values. This fact suggests that the leaky integrate-and-fire model with the assumption of uncorrelated inputs is not adequate to account for the spiking in at least some cortical neurons. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/089976699300016511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T11:55:01Z","timestamp":1027770901000},"page":"935-951","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["The Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Process Does Not Reproduce Spiking Statistics of Neurons in Prefrontal Cortex"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shigeru","family":"Shinomoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shintaro","family":"Funahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology, Faculty of Integrated Human Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"281","reference":[{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/7.3.237"},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1989.61.2.331"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(64)86768-0"},{"key":"p_7","first-page":"1011","author":"Inoue J.","year":"1993","journal-title":"J76-A"},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00201423"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903620103"},{"key":"p_10","first-page":"233","volume":"3","author":"Keilson J.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Selected Tables in Mathematical Statistics"},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02281976"},{"key":"p_13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3214232"},{"key":"p_14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(94)90059-0"},{"key":"p_15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13642819808205047"},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-01-00334.1993"},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/7.6.510"},{"key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0954-898X\/6\/2\/001"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5293.1724"}],"container-title":["Neural Computation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mitpressjournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1162\/089976699300016511","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T21:23:31Z","timestamp":1615584211000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/neco\/article\/11\/4\/935-951\/6268"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,5,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,5,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1162\/089976699300016511"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/089976699300016511","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-7667","1530-888X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-7667","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-888X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,5,1]]}}}