{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:34:54Z","timestamp":1780472094889,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Presence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The KidsRoom is a perceptually-based, interactive, narrative playspace for children. Images, music, narration, light, and sound effects are used to transform a normal child's bedroom into a fantasy land where children are guided through a reactive adventure story. The fully automated system was designed with the following goals: (1) to keep the focus of user action and interaction in the physical and not virtual space; (2) to permit multiple, collaborating people to simultaneously engage in an interactive experience combining both real and virtual objects; (3) to use computer-vision algorithms to identify activity in the space without requiring the participants to wear any special clothing or devices; (4) to use narrative to constrain the perceptual recognition, and to use perceptual recognition to allow participants to drive the narrative; and (5) to create a truly immersive and interactive room environment. <\/jats:p><jats:p> We believe the KidsRoom is the first multi-person, fully-automated, interactive, narrative environment ever constructed using non-encumbering sensors. This paper describes the KidsRoom, the technology that makes it work, and the issues that were raised during the system's development. <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup> <\/jats:p><jats:p> 1 A demonstration of the project, which complements the material presented here and includes videos, images, and sounds from each part of the story is available at . <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/105474699566297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T11:57:52Z","timestamp":1027771072000},"page":"369-393","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":196,"title":["The KidsRoom: A Perceptually-Based Interactive and Immersive Story Environment"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Aaron F.","family":"Bobick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The MIT Media Laboratory 20 Ames Street Cambridge, MA 02139,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen S.","family":"Intille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The MIT Media Laboratory 20 Ames Street Cambridge, MA 02139,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James W.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The MIT Media Laboratory 20 Ames Street Cambridge, MA 02139,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Freedom","family":"Baird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The MIT Media Laboratory 20 Ames Street Cambridge, MA 02139,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio S.","family":"Pinhanez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The MIT Media Laboratory 20 Ames Street Cambridge, MA 02139,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee W.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The MIT Media Laboratory 20 Ames Street Cambridge, MA 02139,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuri A.","family":"Ivanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The MIT Media Laboratory 20 Ames Street Cambridge, MA 02139,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjan","family":"Sch\u00fctte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The MIT Media Laboratory 20 Ames Street Cambridge, MA 02139,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The MIT Media Laboratory 20 Ames Street Cambridge, MA 02139,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/pres.1997.6.4.355"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1997.0108"},{"key":"p_16","author":"Hu M.","year":"1962","journal-title":"IRE Transactions on Information Theory, IT-8(2)."},{"key":"p_22","first-page":"48","volume":"7","author":"Maes P.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Intercommunication"},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0496-68"},{"key":"p_28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/pres.1992.1.1.120"},{"key":"p_35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.598236"}],"container-title":["Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mitpressjournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1162\/105474699566297","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T21:29:11Z","timestamp":1615584551000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/pvar\/article\/8\/4\/369-393\/18242"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1162\/105474699566297"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/105474699566297","relation":{},"ISSN":["1054-7460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1054-7460","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]}}}