{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T04:54:27Z","timestamp":1772772867325,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MIT Press","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The main idea behind artificial intelligence was simple: what if we study living systems to develop new, practical computing systems that possess \u201clifelike\u201d properties? And that\u2019s exactly how evolutionary computing emerged. Researchers came up with ideas inspired by the principles of evolution to develop intelligent methods to tackle hard problems. The efficacy of these methods made researchers seek inspiration in living organisms and systems and extend the evolutionary concept to other nature-inspired ideas. In recent years, nature-inspired computing has exhibited an exponential increase in the number of algorithms that are presented each year. Authors claim that they are inspired by a behavior found in nature to come up with a lifelike algorithm. However, the mathematical background does not match the behavior in the majority of these cases. Thus the question is, do all nature-inspired algorithms remain lifelike? Also, are there any ideas included that contribute to computing? This study aims to (a) present some nature-inspired methods that contribute to achieving lifelike features of computing systems and (b) discuss if there is any need for new lifelike features.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/artl_a_00407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T19:52:01Z","timestamp":1689709921000},"page":"487-511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Does the Field of Nature-Inspired Computing Contribute to Achieving Lifelike Features?"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Alexandros","family":"Tzanetos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Multiobjective Optimization Research Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering. alexandros.tzanetos@usherbrooke.ca"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11721-021-00202-9","article-title":"Metaphor-based metaheuristics, a call for action: The elephant in the room","volume":"16","author":"Aranha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Swarm Intelligence"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024010320314569400_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.20.6.1152","article-title":"On the set-covering problem","volume":"20","author":"Balas","year":"1972","journal-title":"Operations Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024010320314569400_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0711437105","article-title":"Interaction ruling animal collective behavior depends on topological rather than metric distance: Evidence from a field study","volume":"105","author":"Ballerini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-92910-9_53","volume-title":"Artificial Life","author":"Banzhaf","year":"2012"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib5","volume-title":"Physics of an explosion","author":"Baum","year":"1959"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024010320314569400_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elstat.2012.07.001","article-title":"Fast particles as initiators of stepped leaders in CG and IC lightnings","volume":"70","author":"Berkopec","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Electrostatics"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-26860-6_1","article-title":"Evolutionary landscape and management of population diversity","volume-title":"Combinations of intelligent methods and applications","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"2024010320314569400_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(82)90439-9","article-title":"On the unique satisfiability problem","volume":"55","author":"Blass","year":"1982","journal-title":"Information and Control"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-43631-8_1","volume-title":"Introduction","author":"Brabazon","year":"2015"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-43631-8","volume-title":"Natural computing algorithms","author":"Brabazon","year":"2015"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024010320314569400_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e48596","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048596","article-title":"Global civil unrest: Contagion, self-organization, and prediction","volume":"7","author":"Braha","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024010320314569400_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2656.2010.01776.x","article-title":"A model-driven approach to quantify migration patterns: Individual, regional and yearly differences","volume":"80","author":"Bunnefeld","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Ecology"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib13","first-page":"302","article-title":"Why the intelligent water drops cannot be considered as a novel algorithm","volume-title":"ANTS 2018: Swarm intelligence","author":"Camacho-Villal\u00f3n","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024010320314569400_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s11721-019-00165-y","article-title":"The intelligent water drops algorithm: Why it cannot be considered a novel algorithm","volume":"13","author":"Camacho-Villal\u00f3n","year":"2019","journal-title":"Swarm Intelligence"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2022.105747","article-title":"An analysis of why cuckoo search does not bring any novel ideas to optimization","volume":"142","author":"Camacho-Villal\u00f3n","year":"2022","journal-title":"Computers and Operations Research"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-60376-2_10","article-title":"Grey wolf, firefly and bat algorithms: Three widespread algorithms that do not contain any novelty","volume-title":"ANTS 2020: Swarm intelligence","author":"Camacho-Villal\u00f3n","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib17","volume-title":"Evolutionary computation bestiary","author":"Campelo","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib18","article-title":"Sharks, zombies and volleyball: Lessons from the evolutionary computation bestiary","volume-title":"Proceedings of the LIFELIKE Computing Systems Workshop 2021","author":"Campelo","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2021.116029","article-title":"Salp swarm optimization: A critical review","volume":"189","author":"Castelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib20","volume-title":"Optimization, learning and natural algorithms","author":"Dorigo","year":"1992"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.1999.782657","article-title":"Ant colony optimization: A new meta-heuristic","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation\u2013CEC99 (Cat. No. 99TH8406)","author":"Dorigo","year":"1999"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024010320314569400_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1109\/3477.484436","article-title":"Ant system: Optimization by a colony of cooperating agents","volume":"26","author":"Dorigo","year":"1996","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-91086-4_10","article-title":"Ant colony optimization: Overview and recent advances","volume-title":"Handbook of metaheuristics","author":"Dorigo","year":"2019"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024010320314569400_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1134\/1.1259308","article-title":"Modeling the development of the stepped leader of a lightning discharge","volume":"44","author":"Dul\u2019zon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Technical Physics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024010320314569400_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2013.09.004","article-title":"The physics of lightning","volume":"534","author":"Dwyer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physics Reports"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib26","first-page":"1942","article-title":"Particle swarm optimization","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks","author":"Eberhart","year":"1995"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-05094-1","volume-title":"Introduction to evolutionary computing","author":"Eiben","year":"2003"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024010320314569400_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2005.04.005","article-title":"A new optimization method: Big bang\u2013big crunch","volume":"37","author":"Erol","year":"2006","journal-title":"Advances in Engineering Software"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1145\/3449726.3459413","article-title":"On detecting the novelties in metaphor-based algorithms","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","author":"Fister","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib30","volume-title":"Artificial intelligence through simulated evolution","author":"Fogel","year":"1966"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024010320314569400_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1147\/rd.21.0002","article-title":"A learning machine: Part I","volume":"2","author":"Friedberg","year":"1958","journal-title":"IBM Journal of Research and Development"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024010320314569400_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s11047-012-9322-0","article-title":"Why \u201cGSA: A gravitational search algorithm\u201d is not genuinely based on the law of gravity","volume":"11","author":"Gauci","year":"2012","journal-title":"Natural Computing"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-92910-9_34","volume-title":"Molecular computing machineries\u2014Computing models and wet implementations","author":"Hagiya","year":"2012"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib34","volume-title":"Adaptation in natural and artificial systems: An introductory analysis with applications to biology, control and artificial intelligence","author":"Holland","year":"1975"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2019.105169","article-title":"Fitness\u2013distance balance (FDB): A new selection method for meta-heuristic search algorithms","volume":"190","author":"Kahraman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Knowledge-Based Systems"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-92910-9_33","volume-title":"DNA computing\u2014Foundations and implications","author":"Kari","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024010320314569400_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1017\/S0080456800029859","article-title":"On the theory of waves. Part II","volume":"15","author":"Kelland","year":"1844","journal-title":"Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.1999.785509","article-title":"Small worlds and mega-minds: Effects of neighborhood topology on particle swarm performance","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation\u2013CEC99 (Cat. No. 99TH8406)","author":"Kennedy","year":"1999"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-27705-6_6","article-title":"Swarm intelligence","volume-title":"Handbook of nature-inspired and innovative computing","author":"Kennedy","year":"2006"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024010320314569400_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2003.1160055","article-title":"The vision of autonomic computing","volume":"36","author":"Kephart","year":"2003","journal-title":"Computer"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib41","volume-title":"Genetic programming: On the programming of computers by means of natural selection","author":"Koza","year":"1992"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-5007-7","volume-title":"Autonomic computing: Principles, design and implementation","author":"Lalanda","year":"2013"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib43","first-page":"177","article-title":"Suite des recherches sur plusieurs points du Syst\u00e8me du Monde","volume":"89","author":"Laplace","year":"1776","journal-title":"M\u00e9moires de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie Royale des Sciences de Paris"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-39675-0","volume-title":"Self-aware computing systems","author":"Lewis","year":"2016"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114864","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3003000","article-title":"The electric vehicle routing problem with time windows and multiple recharging options","volume":"8","author":"Mao","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2021.107389","article-title":"Population management in metaheuristic algorithms: Could less be more?","volume":"107","author":"Morales-Castaneda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Applied Soft Computing"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1145\/1016720.1016724","article-title":"Organic computing: On the feasibility of controlled emergence","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE\/ACM\/IFIP international conference on hardware\/software codesign and system synthesis","author":"M\u00fcller-Schloer","year":"2004"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-68477-2_1","volume-title":"Motivation","author":"M\u00fcller-Schloer","year":"2017"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-68477-2","volume-title":"Organic computing\u2014technical systems for survival in the real world","author":"M\u00fcller-Schloer","year":"2017"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420035063","volume-title":"Handbook of bioinspired algorithms and applications","author":"Olariu","year":"2005"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024010320314569400_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1162\/artl_a_00291","article-title":"An overview of open-ended evolution: Editorial introduction to the Open-Ended Evolution II special issue","volume":"25","author":"Packard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Artificial Life"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.01.026","article-title":"How novel is the \u201cnovel\u201d black hole optimization approach?","volume":"267","author":"Piotrowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Information Sciences"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-92910-9_54","volume-title":"Algorithmic systems biology\u2014Computer science propels systems biology","author":"Priami","year":"2012"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib54","volume-title":"A model of migration","author":"Quint","year":"1994"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib55","volume-title":"Cybernetic solution path of an experimental problem","author":"Rechenberg","year":"1965"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-92910-9","volume-title":"Handbook of natural computing","author":"Rozenberg","year":"2012"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024010320314569400_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2012.11.026","article-title":"Mine blast algorithm: A new population based algorithm for solving constrained engineering optimization problems","volume":"13","author":"Sadollah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Applied Soft Computing"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024010320314569400_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1162\/artl_a_00283","article-title":"Cardinality leap for open-ended evolution: Theoretical consideration and demonstration by hash chemistry","volume":"25","author":"Sayama","year":"2019","journal-title":"Artificial Life"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024010320314569400_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2008.919004","article-title":"Biogeography-based optimization","volume":"12","author":"Simon","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024010320314569400_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2010.12.006","article-title":"Analytical and numerical comparisons of biogeography-based optimization and genetic algorithms","volume":"181","author":"Simon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Information Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024010320314569400_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/itor.12001","article-title":"Metaheuristics\u2014the metaphor exposed","volume":"22","author":"S\u00f6rensen","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Transactions in Operational Research"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib62","article-title":"Lifelike computing systems","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Lifelike Computing Systems Workshop (LIFELIKE)","author":"Stein","year":"2021"},{"issue":"5572","key":"2024010320314569400_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1070462","article-title":"A cyclic model of the universe","volume":"296","author":"Steinhardt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib64","unstructured":"Storn, R.\n           (1995). Differential evolution\u2014a simple and efficient adaptive scheme for global optimization over continuous spaces(Technical Report No. 11). International Computer Science Institute."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024010320314569400_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1162\/artl_a_00290","article-title":"Evolutionary innovations and where to find them: Routes to open-ended evolution in natural and artificial systems","volume":"25","author":"Taylor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Artificial Life"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024010320314569400_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1162\/ARTL_a_00210","article-title":"Open-ended evolution: Perspectives from the OEE Workshop in York","volume":"22","author":"Taylor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Artificial Life"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11047-022-09920-3","article-title":"Is integration of mechanisms a way to enhance a nature-inspired algorithm?","author":"Thymianis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Natural Computing"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-35606-3_60","article-title":"Weightless swarm algorithm (WSA) for dynamic optimization problems","volume-title":"IFIP international conference on network and parallel computing","author":"Ting","year":"2012"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib69","unstructured":"Turing, A. M.\n           (1948). Intelligent machinery [Government report]. National Physical Laboratory. https:\/\/ia801703.us.archive.org\/23\/items\/turing1948\/turing1948_text.pdf"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024010320314569400_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1750022","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218213017500221","article-title":"Nature inspired optimization algorithms related to physical phenomena and laws of science: A survey","volume":"26","author":"Tzanetos","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024010320314569400_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-020-09893-8","article-title":"Nature inspired optimization algorithms or simply variations of metaheuristics?","volume":"54","author":"Tzanetos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence Review"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2020.105792","article-title":"A comprehensive database of nature-inspired algorithms","volume":"31","author":"Tzanetos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Data in Brief"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024010320314569400_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.4018\/jamc.2010040104","article-title":"A rigorous analysis of the harmony search algorithm: How the research community can be misled by a \u201cnovel\u201d methodology","volume":"1","author":"Weyland","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Applied Metaheuristic Computing"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orp.2015.04.001","article-title":"A critical analysis of the harmony search algorithm\u2014how not to solve sudoku","volume":"2","author":"Weyland","year":"2015","journal-title":"Operations Research Perspectives"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-18320-6_8","article-title":"Nature-inspired algorithms: Success and challenges","volume-title":"Engineering and Applied Sciences Optimization","author":"Yang","year":"2015"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-405163-8.00001-6","volume-title":"Swarm intelligence and bio-inspired computation: Theory and applications","author":"Yang","year":"2013"},{"key":"2024010320314569400_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2021.10.076","article-title":"Impact of chaotic dynamics on the performance of metaheuristic optimization algorithms: An experimental analysis","volume":"587","author":"Zelinka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Information Sciences"}],"container-title":["Artificial Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/artl\/article-pdf\/29\/4\/487\/2203005\/artl_a_00407.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/artl\/article-pdf\/29\/4\/487\/2203005\/artl_a_00407.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T20:32:04Z","timestamp":1704313924000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/artl\/article\/29\/4\/487\/116762\/Does-the-Field-of-Nature-Inspired-Computing"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/artl_a_00407","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-5462","1530-9185"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-5462","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-9185","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}