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We motivate the use of tree transducers for natural language and address the training problem for probabilistic tree-to-tree and tree-to-string transducers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/coli.2008.07-051-r2-03-57","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,24]],"date-time":"2008-06-24T19:56:46Z","timestamp":1214337406000},"page":"391-427","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Training Tree Transducers"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Graehl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"* University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292.."},{"name":"** University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292.."},{"name":"\u2020 University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292.."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"* University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292.."},{"name":"** University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292.."},{"name":"\u2020 University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292.."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"* University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292.."},{"name":"** University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292.."},{"name":"\u2020 University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292.."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(71)90706-6"},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089120100561629"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:COAT.0000010804.12581.96"},{"key":"p_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1090\/S0002-9904-1967-11751-8"},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/csla.2000.0147"},{"issue":"1","key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1977.tb01600.x","volume":"39","author":"Dempster A. 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