{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T10:10:21Z","timestamp":1769163021112,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational Linguistics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Current machine translation (MT) systems are still not perfect. In practice, the output from these systems needs to be edited to correct errors. A way of increasing the productivity of the whole translation process (MT plus human work) is to incorporate the human correction activities within the translation process itself, thereby shifting the MT paradigm to that of computer-assisted translation. This model entails an iterative process in which the human translator activity is included in the loop: In each iteration, a prefix of the translation is validated (accepted or amended) by the human and the system computes its best (or n-best) translation suffix hypothesis to complete this prefix. A successful framework for MT is the so-called statistical (or pattern recognition) framework. Interestingly, within this framework, the adaptation of MT systems to the interactive scenario affects mainly the search process, allowing a great reuse of successful techniques and models. In this article, alignment templates, phrase-based models, and stochastic finite-state transducers are used to develop computer-assisted translation systems. These systems were assessed in a European project (TransType2) in two real tasks: The translation of printer manuals; manuals and the translation of the Bulletin of the European Union. In each task, the following three pairs of languages were involved (in both translation directions): English-Spanish, English-German, and English-French. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/coli.2008.07-055-r2-06-29","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,16]],"date-time":"2008-07-16T19:22:55Z","timestamp":1216236175000},"page":"3-28","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Statistical Approaches to Computer-Assisted Translation"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Sergio","family":"Barrachina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"* Departament d'Enginyeria i Ci\u00e8ncies dels Computadors, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."},{"name":"** Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Informatik VI, RWTH Aachen University of Technology, D-52056 Aachen, Germany."},{"name":"\u2020 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics i Computaci\u00f3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain."},{"name":"\u2021 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Comunicacions, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain."},{"name":"\u00a7 Departament de Llenguatges i Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Bender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"* Departament d'Enginyeria i Ci\u00e8ncies dels Computadors, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."},{"name":"** Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Informatik VI, RWTH Aachen University of Technology, D-52056 Aachen, Germany."},{"name":"\u2020 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics i Computaci\u00f3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain."},{"name":"\u2021 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Comunicacions, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain."},{"name":"\u00a7 Departament de Llenguatges i Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Casacuberta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"* Departament d'Enginyeria i Ci\u00e8ncies dels Computadors, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."},{"name":"** Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Informatik VI, RWTH Aachen University of Technology, D-52056 Aachen, Germany."},{"name":"\u2020 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics i Computaci\u00f3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain."},{"name":"\u2021 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Comunicacions, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain."},{"name":"\u00a7 Departament de Llenguatges i Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Civera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"* Departament d'Enginyeria i Ci\u00e8ncies dels Computadors, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."},{"name":"** Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Informatik VI, RWTH Aachen University of Technology, D-52056 Aachen, Germany."},{"name":"\u2020 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics i Computaci\u00f3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain."},{"name":"\u2021 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Comunicacions, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain."},{"name":"\u00a7 Departament de Llenguatges i Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Cubel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"* Departament d'Enginyeria i Ci\u00e8ncies dels Computadors, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."},{"name":"** Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Informatik VI, RWTH Aachen University of Technology, D-52056 Aachen, Germany."},{"name":"\u2020 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics i Computaci\u00f3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain."},{"name":"\u2021 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Comunicacions, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain."},{"name":"\u00a7 Departament de Llenguatges i Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."}]},{"given":"Shahram","family":"Khadivi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"* Departament d'Enginyeria i Ci\u00e8ncies dels Computadors, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."},{"name":"** Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Informatik VI, RWTH Aachen University of Technology, D-52056 Aachen, Germany."},{"name":"\u2020 Institut 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Spain."},{"name":"\u2021 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Comunicacions, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain."},{"name":"\u00a7 Departament de Llenguatges i Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Ney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"* Departament d'Enginyeria i Ci\u00e8ncies dels Computadors, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain."},{"name":"** Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Informatik VI, RWTH Aachen University of Technology, D-52056 Aachen, Germany."},{"name":"\u2020 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Sistemes Inform\u00e0tics i Computaci\u00f3, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain."},{"name":"\u2021 Institut Tecnol\u00f2gic d'Inform\u00e0tica, Departament de Comunicacions, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46071 Val\u00e8ncia, 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