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Semantic parsers are typically trained from examples of questions annotated with their target logical forms, but this type of annotation is expensive.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Our goal is to instead learn a semantic parser from question\u2013answer pairs, where the logical form is modeled as a latent variable. We develop a new semantic formalism, dependency-based compositional semantics (DCS) and define a log-linear distribution over DCS logical forms. The model parameters are estimated using a simple procedure that alternates between beam search and numerical optimization. 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