{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T20:10:50Z","timestamp":1781381450238,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational Linguistics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Computational models for sarcasm detection have often relied on the content of utterances in isolation. However, the speaker\u2019s sarcastic intent is not always apparent without additional context. Focusing on social media discussions, we investigate three issues: (1) does modeling conversation context help in sarcasm detection? (2) can we identify what part of conversation context triggered the sarcastic reply? and (3) given a sarcastic post that contains multiple sentences, can we identify the specific sentence that is sarcastic? To address the first issue, we investigate several types of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks that can model both the conversation context and the current turn. We show that LSTM networks with sentence-level attention on context and current turn, as well as the conditional LSTM network, outperform the LSTM model that reads only the current turn. As conversation context, we consider the prior turn, the succeeding turn, or both. Our computational models are tested on two types of social media platforms: Twitter and discussion forums. We discuss several differences between these data sets, ranging from their size to the nature of the gold-label annotations. To address the latter two issues, we present a qualitative analysis of the attention weights produced by the LSTM models (with attention) and discuss the results compared with human performance on the two tasks. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/coli_a_00336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,18]],"date-time":"2018-09-18T15:51:51Z","timestamp":1537285911000},"page":"755-792","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Sarcasm Analysis Using Conversation Context"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Debanjan","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander R.","family":"Fabbri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Yale University."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Smaranda","family":"Muresan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Science Institute, Columbia University."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"281","reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/K16-1017"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib2","first-page":"3","volume":"12","author":"Attardo Salvatore","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rask"},{"key":"bib3","first-page":"574","volume-title":"Ninth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media","author":"Bamman David","year":"2015"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69900-4_86"},{"key":"bib5","volume-title":"Natural Language Processing with Python: Analyzing Text with the Natural Language Toolkit","author":"Bird Steven","year":"2009"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D15-1075"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1667583.1667633"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0261927X12446596"},{"key":"bib9","volume-title":"Verbal Irony: Use and Effects in Written Discourse","author":"Burgers Christian Frederik","year":"2010"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0068.2010.00822.x"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1961189.1961199"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00994018"},{"key":"bib13","first-page":"107","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Fourteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning","author":"Davidov Dmitry","year":"2010"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699939208411068"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-2166(90)90003-V"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W16-0425"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D17-1050"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-5523"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D15-1116"},{"key":"bib20","first-page":"588","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Web and Social Media, ICWSM 2018","author":"Ghosh Debanjan","year":"2018"},{"key":"bib21","first-page":"42","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the ACL","author":"Gimpel Kevin","year":"2011"},{"key":"bib22","first-page":"581","volume-title":"ACL (Short Papers)","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez Roberto","year":"2011"},{"key":"bib23","first-page":"41","volume":"3","author":"Grice H. Paul","year":"1975","journal-title":"Logic and Conversation"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-2166(90)90065-L"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1014052.1014073"},{"key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-56608-5_45"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3124420"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P15-2124"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/K16-1015"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D16-1104"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2014.05.021"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W15-2905"},{"key":"bib34","first-page":"641","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 11th edition of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2018)","author":"Khodak Mikhail","year":"2018"},{"key":"bib35","volume-title":"Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology","author":"Krippendorff Klaus","year":"2012"},{"key":"bib36","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Computational Approaches to Subjectivity, Sentiment and Social Media Analysis","author":"Liebrecht Christine","year":"2013"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-08010-9_49"},{"key":"bib38","first-page":"4238","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-2014)","author":"Maynard Diana","year":"2014"},{"key":"bib39","author":"Mikolov Tomas","year":"2013","journal-title":"CoRR"},{"key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-1104"},{"key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.23624"},{"key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-5537"},{"key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W16-3604"},{"key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D16-1244"},{"key":"bib45","unstructured":"Pennebaker, James W., Roger J. Booth, R. L. Boyd, and Martha E. Francis. 2015. Linguistic inquiry and word count: LIWC 2015. Austin, TX: Pennebaker Conglomerates (www.LIWC.net)."},{"key":"bib46","first-page":"213","volume-title":"Proceedings of COLING 2014, the 25th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Technical Papers","author":"Pt\u00e1\u010dek Tom\u00e1\u0161","year":"2014"},{"key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2684822.2685316"},{"key":"bib48","first-page":"704","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing","author":"Riloff Ellen","year":"2013"},{"key":"bib49","volume-title":"International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)","author":"Rockt\u00e4schel Tim","year":"2016"},{"key":"bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2964284.2964321"},{"key":"bib51","first-page":"2870","volume-title":"COLING","author":"Sha Lei","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib52","first-page":"1929","volume":"15","author":"Srivastava Nitish","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"bib53","first-page":"1083","volume-title":"LREC","author":"Strapparava Carlo","year":"2004"},{"key":"bib54","first-page":"3104","volume-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems","author":"Sutskever Ilya","year":"2014"},{"key":"bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P15-1150"},{"key":"bib56","first-page":"485","volume-title":"Eighth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media","author":"Tchokni Simo","year":"2014"},{"key":"bib57","first-page":"765","volume":"215","author":"Veale Tony","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Conference on Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"bib58","first-page":"2773","volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"Vinyals Oriol","year":"2015"},{"key":"bib59","first-page":"812","volume-title":"LREC","author":"Walker Marilyn A.","year":"2012"},{"key":"bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P14-2084"},{"key":"bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-26190-4_6"},{"key":"bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1220575.1220619"},{"key":"bib63","first-page":"2048","volume-title":"International Conference on Machine Learning","author":"Xu Kelvin","year":"2015"},{"key":"bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N16-1174"},{"key":"bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00097"},{"key":"bib66","author":"Zaremba Wojciech","year":"2014","journal-title":"arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.2329"},{"key":"bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00009"}],"container-title":["Computational Linguistics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mitpressjournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1162\/coli_a_00336","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T21:28:19Z","timestamp":1615584499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/coli\/article\/44\/4\/755-792\/1620"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1162\/coli_a_00336"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/coli_a_00336","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-2017","1530-9312"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-2017","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-9312","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}}}