{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T11:16:25Z","timestamp":1774610185475,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computer Music Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Music scholars have been studying tonal harmony intensively for centuries, yielding numerous theories and models. Unfortunately, a large number of these theories are formulated in a rather informal fashion and lack mathematical precision. In this article we present HarmTrace, a functional model of Western tonal harmony that builds on well-known theories of tonal harmony. In contrast to other approaches that remain purely theoretical, we present an implemented system that is evaluated empirically. Given a sequence of symbolic chord labels, HarmTrace automatically derives the harmonic relations between chords. For this, we use advanced functional programming techniques that are uniquely available in the Haskell programming language. We show that our system is fast, easy to modify and maintain, robust against noisy data, and that its harmonic analyses comply with Western tonal harmony theory. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/comj_a_00209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]],"date-time":"2014-01-09T16:39:13Z","timestamp":1389285553000},"page":"37-53","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Automatic Functional Harmonic Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"W. Bas","family":"De Haas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University P.O. Box 80.089 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands. , ,"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Pedro","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Wolfson Building, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QD, United Kingdom."}]},{"given":"Frans","family":"Wiering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University P.O. Box 80.089 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands. , ,"}]},{"given":"Remco","family":"C. Veltkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University P.O. Box 80.089 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands. , ,"}]}],"member":"281","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-004-0386-3"},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/COMJ_a_00056"},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0305735686141001"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aris.1440370108"},{"key":"p_8","first-page":"295","author":"De Haas W. B.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proceedings of the International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13735-013-0036-6"},{"key":"p_10","first-page":"549","author":"De Haas W. B.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Music Information Retrieval"},{"key":"p_11","first-page":"66","author":"De Haas W. B.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Music Information Retrieval"},{"key":"p_13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09298210701563238"},{"key":"p_14","first-page":"66","author":"Harte C.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Music Information Retrieval"},{"key":"p_19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2034773.2034797"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09298215.2010.503898"},{"key":"p_21","first-page":"255","author":"Mauch M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Music Information Retrieval"},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/comj.2009.33.1.42"},{"key":"p_23","first-page":"139","volume":"4","author":"Pachet F.","year":"1999","journal-title":"International Journal of Computing Anticipatory Systems"},{"key":"p_24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1082"},{"key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0956796803000418"},{"key":"p_29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3679756"},{"key":"p_30","first-page":"97","author":"Rohrmeier M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Sound and Music Computing Conference"},{"key":"p_31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17459737.2011.573676"},{"key":"p_34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1596550.1596599"},{"key":"p_36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/40285282"},{"key":"p_37","first-page":"305","author":"Steedman M. J.","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Oakhill and A. Garnham, eds. Mental Models in Cognitive Science. Mahwah, New Jersey: Erlbaum"},{"key":"p_40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/014892699559616"},{"key":"p_41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/842885"}],"container-title":["Computer Music Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mitpressjournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1162\/COMJ_a_00209","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T21:33:36Z","timestamp":1615584816000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/comj\/article\/37\/4\/37-53\/94817"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1162\/COMJ_a_00209"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/comj_a_00209","relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-9267","1531-5169"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-9267","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-5169","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}}}