{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T15:05:24Z","timestamp":1773155124172,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"China Science Publishing & Media Ltd.","issue":"1-2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.mitpressjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Data Intellegence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> In recent years, as newer technologies have evolved around the healthcare ecosystem, more and more data have been generated. Advanced analytics could power the data collected from numerous sources, both from healthcare institutions, or generated by individuals themselves via apps and devices, and lead to innovations in treatment and diagnosis of diseases; improve the care given to the patient; and empower citizens to participate in the decision-making process regarding their own health and well-being. However, the sensitive nature of the health data prohibits healthcare organizations from sharing the data. The Personal Health Train (PHT) is a novel approach, aiming to establish a distributed data analytics infrastructure enabling the (re)use of distributed healthcare data, while data owners stay in control of their own data. The main principle of the PHT is that data remain in their original location, and analytical tasks visit data sources and execute the tasks. The PHT provides a distributed, flexible approach to use data in a network of participants, incorporating the FAIR principles. It facilitates the responsible use of sensitive and\/or personal data by adopting international principles and regulations. This paper presents the concepts and main components of the PHT and demonstrates how it complies with FAIR principles. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T20:43:34Z","timestamp":1572641014000},"page":"96-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Distributed Analytics on Sensitive Medical Data: The Personal Health                     Train"],"prefix":"10.3724","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7611-3501","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Oya","family":"Beyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology (FIT), 53754 Sankt                         Augustin, Germany"},{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Ananya","family":"Choudhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW School for Oncology and                         Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6200 MD                         Maastricht, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"van Soest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW School for Oncology and                         Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6200 MD                         Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 60,                         Maastricht 6229 ER, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Kohlbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of T\u00fcbingen, Tubingen,                         Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg 72076, Germany"},{"name":"Quantitative Biology Center, University of T\u00fcbingen, Tubingen,                         Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg 72076, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Translational Bioinformatics, University of T\u00fcbingen,                         Tubingen, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg 72076, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Bioinformatics, University of T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Bioinformatics, University of T\u00fcbingen,                         Tubingen, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg 72076, Germany"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Stenzhorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Bioinformatics, University of T\u00fcbingen,                         Tubingen, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg 72076, Germany"}]},{"given":"Md. Rezaul","family":"Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology (FIT), 53754 Sankt                         Augustin, Germany"},{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Dumontier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 60,                         Maastricht 6229 ER, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Decker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology (FIT), 53754 Sankt                         Augustin, Germany"},{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Luiz Olavo Bonino","family":"da Silva Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GO FAIR International Support & Coordination Office (GFISCO), Leiden, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Dekker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW School for Oncology and                         Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6200 MD                         Maastricht, The Netherlands"}]}],"member":"2026","reference":[{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1139"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-55783-0_2"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2016.10.002"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2016.12.004"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2016.18"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/ISU-170824"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00045"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00031"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00027"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00029"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00041"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00026"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00034"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00042"}],"container-title":["Data Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mitpressjournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1162\/dint_a_00032","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T07:44:17Z","timestamp":1741938257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.sciengine.com\/doi\/10.1162\/dint_a_00032"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1162\/dint_a_00032"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/dint_a_00032","relation":{},"ISSN":["2641-435X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2641-435X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-01-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}