{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T01:19:13Z","timestamp":1768094353075,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"China Science Publishing & Media Ltd.","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transparency is vital to realizing the promise of evidenced-based policymaking, where \u201cevidence-based\u201d means including information as to what data mean and why they should be trusted. Transparency, in turn, requires that enough of this information is provided. Loosely speaking then, transparency is achieved when sufficient documentation is provided. Sufficiency is situation specific, both for the provider and consumer of the documentation. These ideas are presented in two recent US commissioned reports: The Promise of Evidence-Based Policymaking and Transparency in Statistical Information for the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics and All Federal Statistical Agencies.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Metadata are a more formalized kind of documentation, and in this paper, we provide and demonstrate necessary, sufficient, and general conditions for achieving transparency from the metadata perspective: conforming to a specification, providing quality metadata, and creating a usable interface to the metadata. These conditions are important for any metadata system, but here the specification is tied to our framework for metadata quality based on the situation-specific needs for transparency. These ideas are described, and their interrelationships are explored.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T12:35:00Z","timestamp":1677069300000},"page":"261-274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Achieving Transparency: A Metadata Perspective"],"prefix":"10.3724","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Gillman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2 Massachusetts Ave NE Washington District of Columbia 20212, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2026","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"The Promise of Evidence-Based Policymaking, Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking, Chaired by Katharine Abraham, September 2017."},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"Transparency in Statistical Information for the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics and All Federal Statistical Agencies","author":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education; Committee on National Statistics; Panel on Transparency and Reproducibility of Federal Statistics for the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics","year":"2021"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","article-title":"Learning and using relational categories","volume-title":"Categorization Inside and Outside the Laboratory","author":"Gentner","year":"2005"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"Terminology Work\u2014Principles and Methods","author":"ISO 704","year":"2000"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Foundational Metadata in Cross-Domain Integration: Detailed Model","author":"Farance","year":"2020"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"Information technology\u2014General purpose datatypes","author":"ISO\/IEC 11404","year":"2007"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"Information technology\u2014Metadata Registries Interoperability and Bindings (MDRIB)\u2014Part 1: Framework, common vocabulary, and common provisions for conformance","author":"ISO\/IEC 20944-1","year":"2013"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"Handbook on Data Quality Assessment Methods and Tools","author":"Ehling","year":"2007"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"The Pragmatics of Metadata: From Practice to Concept to Practice, IEEE Tech","author":"Maron","year":"2018"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"Guidelines for the Modelling of Statistical Data and Metadata","author":"Sundgren","year":"1995"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.2005.233","volume-title":"Empirical Refinement of a Semiotic Information Quality Framework","author":"Price","year":"2005"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"A Semiotic Information Quality Framework: Development and Comparative Analysis","author":"Price","year":"2016"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"A data quality framework applied to e-government metadata: A prerequsite to establish governance of interoperable e-services; 2011 Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE)","author":"Myrseth","year":"2011"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"Collected Papers","author":"Pierce"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"\u201cTruth, Meaning, and the Indeterminacy of Translation\u2014The Semantic Conception of Truth\u201d in Philosophy of Language: The Central Topics","author":"Tarski"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"Rocket Surgery Made Easy","author":"Krug","year":"2009"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"The Psychophysiology Primer\u2014A Guide to Methods and a Broad Review with a Focus on Human-Computer Interaction in Human-Computer Interaction","author":"Cowley","year":"2016"},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"Human-Computer Interaction","author":"Dix","year":"2003","edition":"3rd Ed."},{"key":"2023030801042618900_","volume-title":"The Design of Everyday Things","author":"Norman","year":"2013"}],"container-title":["Data Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/dint\/article-pdf\/5\/1\/261\/2074239\/dint_a_00188.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/dint\/article-pdf\/5\/1\/261\/2074239\/dint_a_00188.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T07:41:53Z","timestamp":1741938113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.sciengine.com\/doi\/10.1162\/dint_a_00188"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/dint_a_00188","relation":{},"ISSN":["2641-435X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2641-435X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}