{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T12:59:15Z","timestamp":1781528355022,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"China Science Publishing & Media Ltd.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This paper investigates the capabilities of ChatGPT as an automated assistant in diverse domains, including scientific writing, mathematics, education, programming, and healthcare. We explore the potential of ChatGPT to enhance productivity, streamline problem-solving processes, and improve writing style. Furthermore, we highlight the potential risks associated with excessive reliance on ChatGPT in these fields. These limitations encompass factors like incorrect and fictitious responses, inaccuracies in code, limited logical reasoning abilities, overconfidence, and critical ethical concerns of copyright and privacy violation. We outline areas and objectives where ChatGPT proves beneficial, applications where it should be used judiciously, and scenarios where its reliability may be limited. In light of observed limitations, and given that the tool's fundamental errors may pose a special challenge for non-experts, ChatGPT should be used with a strategic methodology. By drawing from comprehensive experimental studies, we offer methods and flowcharts for effectively using ChatGPT. Our recommendations emphasize iterative interaction with ChatGPT and independent verification of its outputs. Considering the importance of utilizing ChatGPT judiciously and with expertise, we recommend its usage for experts who are well-versed in the respective domains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T01:27:03Z","timestamp":1699320423000},"page":"240-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["ChatGPT is a Remarkable Tool\u2014For Experts"],"prefix":"10.3724","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Amos","family":"Azaria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, Ariel University, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rina","family":"Azoulay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Jerusalem College of Technology, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shulamit","family":"Reches","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2026","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2024041719553094000_ref1","article-title":"Artificial hallucinations in chatgpt: implications in scientific writing","volume":"15","author":"Alkaissi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"24","key":"2024041719553094000_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8448","DOI":"10.3390\/s21248448","article-title":"Conversational agents: Goals, technologies, vision and challenges","volume":"21","author":"Allouch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref3","article-title":"Chinese llms advance within strict guardrails","volume-title":"Emerald Expert Briefings, (oxan-es)","author":"Analytica","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.conll-1.20","volume-title":"Syntactic surprisal from neural models predicts, but underestimates, human processing difficulty from syntactic ambiguities.","author":"Arehalli","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref5","volume-title":"The future of medical education and research: Is chatgpt a blessing or blight in disguise?","author":"Arif","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref6","volume-title":"Ai and education: An investigation into the use of chatgpt for systems thinking.","author":"Arndt","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref7","article-title":"The 10 best ChatGPT plugins for data science","volume-title":"DataCamp Blog","author":"Awan","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref8","volume-title":"How to use chatgpt for coding to maximise your coding potential","author":"Ayelol","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTAI59109.2023.00074","article-title":"Chatgpt: More human-like than computer-like, but not necessarily in a good way","volume-title":"CogSci\u201923","author":"Azaria","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref10","article-title":"Chatgpt usage and limitations","volume-title":"2023 IEEE 35th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI)","author":"Azaria","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v30i1.10357","article-title":"Instructable intelligent personal agent","volume":"30","author":"Azaria","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref12","volume-title":"The internal state of an llm knows when its lying.","author":"Azaria","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref13","volume-title":"Chatgpt may excel in states medical licensing examination but falters in basic linear algebra.","author":"Bagno","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.ijcnlp-main.45","volume-title":"A multitask, multilingual, multimodal evaluation of chatgpt on reasoning, hallucination, and interactivity","author":"Bang","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024041719553094000_ref15","volume-title":"Bigelow. 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