{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T02:54:58Z","timestamp":1775876098361,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evolutionary Computation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We describe a new hyper-heuristic method NELLI-GP for solving job-shop scheduling problems (JSSP) that evolves an ensemble of heuristics. The ensemble adopts a divide-and-conquer approach in which each heuristic solves a unique subset of the instance set considered. NELLI-GP extends an existing ensemble method called NELLI by introducing a novel heuristic generator that evolves heuristics composed of linear sequences of dispatching rules: each rule is represented using a tree structure and is itself evolved. Following a training period, the ensemble is shown to outperform both existing dispatching rules and a standard genetic programming algorithm on a large set of new test instances. In addition, it obtains superior results on a set of 210 benchmark problems from the literature when compared to two state-of-the-art hyper-heuristic approaches. Further analysis of the relationship between heuristics in the evolved ensemble and the instances each solves provides new insights into features that might describe similar instances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/evco_a_00183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,27]],"date-time":"2016-04-27T19:58:00Z","timestamp":1461787080000},"page":"609-635","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["A Hyper-Heuristic Ensemble Method for Static Job-Shop Scheduling"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Emma","family":"Hart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, EH10, UK"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, EH10, UK"}]}],"member":"281","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/ijoc.3.2.149"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.30.9.1093"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2012.2199119"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2013.2293393"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207548208947745"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/EVCO_a_00131"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2015.2429314"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00058655"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10710-012-9162-9"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10951-006-5591-8"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.8.4.487"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5060(08)70356-X"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0056926"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10762-2_28"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01721162"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1830483.1830530"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1145\/2576768.2598224","author":"Hunt R.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-34413-8_36"},{"key":"B19","volume-title":"Genetic programming: On the programming of computers by means of natural selection","author":"Koza J. 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