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Polymorphisms related to mesocortical and nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathways were considered, as well as polymorphisms related to norepinephrine (NE), a transmitter system that has also been suspected to play a role in the AB. In a sample of 157 healthy adults, we studied the dependency of the individual magnitude of the AB and the C957T polymorphism at the DRD2 gene (associated with striatal DA\/D2 receptors), the DARPP32 polymorphism (associated with striatal DA\/D1), the COMT Val158Met polymorphism (associated with frontal DA), DBH444 g\/a and DBH5\u2032-ins\/del polymorphisms (polymorphisms strongly correlated with DA beta hydroxylase, the enzyme catalyzing the DA\u2013NE conversion) and NET T-182C (a polymorphism related to the NE transporter). DRD2 C957T T\/T homozygotes showed a significantly smaller AB, whereas polymorphisms associated with frontal DA and NE were unrelated to performance. This outcome pattern suggests a crucial role of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway and of nigrostriatal D2 receptors, in particular, in the management of attentional resources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,12]],"date-time":"2011-05-12T16:31:13Z","timestamp":1305217873000},"page":"3576-3585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Dopamine and the Management of Attentional Resources: Genetic Markers of Striatal D2 Dopamine Predict Individual Differences in the Attentional Blink"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Lorenza S.","family":"Colzato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Leiden University"}]},{"given":"Heleen A.","family":"Slagter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2University of Amsterdam"}]},{"given":"Mischa","family":"de Rover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Leiden University"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Hommel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Leiden University"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021072901030017100_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00426-008-0200-4","article-title":"Executive control processes of working memory predict attentional blink magnitude over and above storage capacity.","volume":"1","author":"Arnell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychological Research"},{"key":"2021072901030017100_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.106.3.529","article-title":"A neuropsychological theory of positive affect and its influence on cognition.","volume":"106","author":"Ashby","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"2021072901030017100_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1075\/aicr.44.11ash","article-title":"The effects of positive affect and arousal on working memory and executive attention: Neurobiology and computational models.","volume-title":"Emotional cognition: From brain to behavior","author":"Ashby","year":"2002"},{"key":"2021072901030017100_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.28.061604.135709","article-title":"An integrative theory of locus coeruleus-norepinephrine function: Adaptive gain and optimal performance.","volume":"28","author":"Aston-Jones","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072901030017100_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001973","article-title":"Effects of the catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism on executive function: A meta-analysis of the Wisconsin Card Sort Test in schizophrenia and healthy controls.","volume":"12","author":"Barnett","year":"2007","journal-title":"Molecular Psychiatry"},{"key":"2021072901030017100_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1417.013","article-title":"Molecular genetics of attention.","volume":"1129","author":"Bellgrove","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annual New York Academy of Science"},{"key":"2021072901030017100_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.114.1.38","article-title":"The simultaneous type, serial token model of temporal attention and working memory.","volume":"114","author":"Bowman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"2021072901030017100_R8","first-page":"713","article-title":"On the control of control: The role of dopamine in regulating prefrontal function and working memory.","volume-title":"Control of cognitive processes: Attention and performance XVIII","author":"Braver","year":"2000"},{"key":"2021072901030017100_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01257077","article-title":"Autoradiographic localization of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in the brain of several mammalian species.","volume":"80","author":"Camps","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Neural Transmission. 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