{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:13:19Z","timestamp":1760983999621},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Remembering delayed intentions can be highly demanding. Accuracy in laboratory paradigms assessing prospective memory (PM) is typically well below ceiling, and failure to remember intended behaviors after a delay is a common occurrence in everyday life. However, relatively little is known of the potential differences in brain activity that distinguish successful versus unsuccessful PM. In this fMRI study, participants repeatedly encoded, stored, and then had the opportunity to retrieve intended behaviors while engaged in a distracting ongoing task. This yielded a success rate of approximately two thirds. Overall levels of brain activity distinguished successful versus unsuccessful trials at all three stages (encoding, storage, and retrieval), suggesting multiple neural determinants of PM success. In addition, the voxelwise similarity between patterns of brain activity at encoding and retrieval was greater for successful than unsuccessful trials. This was true even in posterior cingulate, which showed opposite patterns of signal change between encoding and retrieval. Thus, successful realization of delayed intentions may be associated with reinstatement of encoding context at the time of retrieval.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,7]],"date-time":"2011-07-07T17:49:45Z","timestamp":1310060985000},"page":"93-105","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Similarity between Brain Activity at Encoding and Retrieval Predicts Successful Realization of Delayed Intentions"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Sam J.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1University College London"}]},{"given":"Diana J. N.","family":"Armbruster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University College London"},{"name":"2Goethe University Frankfurt"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Panagiotidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University College London"},{"name":"3University of Sheffield"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021072913192601100_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1375\/brim.10.1.52","article-title":"Time-based prospective memory in children with autism spectrum disorder.","volume":"10","author":"Altgassen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Impairment"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R2","volume-title":"Prospective memory: Theory and applications.","author":"Brandimonte","year":"1996"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(00)00149-4","article-title":"Brain regions involved in prospective memory as determined by positron emission tomography.","volume":"39","author":"Burgess","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(02)00327-5","article-title":"The role of the rostral frontal cortex (area 10) in prospective memory: A lateral versus medial dissociation.","volume":"41","author":"Burgess","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.031","article-title":"When less means more: Deactivations during encoding that predict subsequent memory.","volume":"23","author":"Daselaar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.09.013.2009","article-title":"Posterior midline and ventral parietal activity is associated with retrieval success and encoding failure.","volume":"3","author":"Daselaar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.134.3.327","article-title":"Multiple processes in prospective memory retrieval: Factors determining monitoring versus spontaneous retrieval.","volume":"134","author":"Einstein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prospective memory or the realization of delayed intentions: A conceptual framework for research.","volume-title":"Prospective memory: Theory and applications","author":"Ellis","year":"1996"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ten years on: Realizing delayed intentions.","volume-title":"Prospective memory: Cognitive, neuroscience, developmental, and applied perspectives","author":"Ellis","year":"2008"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1091","article-title":"Classical and Bayesian inference in neuroimaging: Applications.","volume":"16","author":"Friston","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.460020402","article-title":"Statistical parametric maps in functional imaging: A general linear approach.","volume":"2","author":"Friston","year":"1995","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2888","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5336-10.2011","article-title":"Decoding the content of delayed intentions.","volume":"31","author":"Gilbert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R13","first-page":"905","article-title":"Separable brain systems supporting cued versus self-initiated realization of delayed intentions.","volume":"35","author":"Gilbert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.54.7.493","article-title":"Implementation intentions: Strong effects of simple plans.","volume":"54","author":"Gollwitzer","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R15","first-page":"71","article-title":"Remembering to do things: A forgotten topic.","volume-title":"Everyday memory, actions, and absentmindedness","author":"Harris","year":"1984"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.08.011","article-title":"Recollection, familiarity, and cortical reinstatement: A multivoxel pattern analysis.","volume":"63","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2507","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhl156","article-title":"Recollection and the reinstatement of encoding-related cortical activity.","volume":"17","author":"Johnson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-010-1067-y","article-title":"\u201cEveryday memory\u201d impairments in autism spectrum disorders.","volume":"41","author":"Jones","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.01.024","article-title":"A process-model based approach to prospective memory impairment in Parkinson's disease.","volume":"49","author":"Kliegel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R20","volume-title":"Prospective memory: Cognitive, neuroscience, developmental, and applied perspectives.","author":"Kliegel","year":"2008"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R21","first-page":"4","article-title":"Representational similarity analysis\u2014Connecting the branches of systems neuroscience.","volume":"2","author":"Kriegeskorte","year":"2008","journal-title":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3217","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5626-10.2011","article-title":"Fractionating the default mode network: Distinct contributions of the ventral and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex to cognitive control.","volume":"31","author":"Leech","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193447","article-title":"An investigation into the resource requirements of event-based prospective memory.","volume":"35","author":"Loft","year":"2007","journal-title":"Memory & Cognition"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03210951","article-title":"Using confidence-intervals in within-subject designs.","volume":"1","author":"Loftus","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R25","first-page":"77","article-title":"On beginning to understand the role of context in prospective memory.","volume-title":"Prospective memory: Cognitive, neuroscience, developmental, and applied perspectives","author":"Marsh","year":"2008"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S127","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.775","article-title":"Strategic and automatic processes in prospective memory retrieval: A multiprocess framework.","volume":"14","author":"McDaniel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Applied Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03211375","article-title":"Prospective remembering: Perceptually driven or conceptually driven processes?","volume":"26","author":"McDaniel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Memory & Cognition"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/09541440303598","article-title":"Conceptual and perceptual processes in prospective remembering.","volume":"15","author":"McGann","year":"2003","journal-title":"European Journal of Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prospective remembering and external retrieval cues.","volume":"6","author":"Meacham","year":"1976","journal-title":"Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.110.4.611","article-title":"Modeling hippocampal and neocortical contributions to recognition memory: A complementary-learning-systems approach.","volume":"110","author":"Norman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2006.07.005","article-title":"Beyond mind-reading: Multi-voxel pattern analysis of fMRI data.","volume":"10","author":"Norman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1080\/09658210444000313","article-title":"Effects of ongoing task context and target typicality on prospective memory performance: The importance of associative cueing.","volume":"13","author":"Nowinski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Memory"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(01)00454-7","article-title":"When more means less: Neural activity related to unsuccessful memory encoding.","volume":"11","author":"Otten","year":"2001","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1117645","article-title":"Category-specific cortical activity precedes retrieval during memory search.","volume":"310","author":"Polyn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhn164","article-title":"Distinct neural circuits support transient and sustained processes in prospective memory and working memory.","volume":"19","author":"Reynolds","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5471.1656","article-title":"The prefrontal cortex: Response selection or maintenance within working memory?","volume":"288","author":"Rowe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(07)00021-0","article-title":"Encoding-retrieval overlap in human episodic memory: A functional neuroimaging perspective.","volume":"169","author":"Rugg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Progress in Brain Research"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2006.01.005","article-title":"Differential components of prospective memory? Evidence from fMRI.","volume":"44","author":"Simons","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.132.6.946","article-title":"The restless mind.","volume":"132","author":"Smallwood","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R40","first-page":"347","article-title":"The cost of remembering to remember in event-based prospective memory: Investigating the capacity demands of delayed intention performance.","volume":"29","author":"Smith","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2112","article-title":"Unconscious determinants of free decisions in the human brain.","volume":"11","author":"Soon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4657-08.2009","article-title":"Top\u2013down activation of shape-specific population codes in visual cortex during mental imagery.","volume":"29","author":"Stokes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2008.10.011","article-title":"Posterior parietal cortex and episodic encoding: Insights from fMRI subsequent memory effects and dual-attention theory.","volume":"91","author":"Uncapher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2745","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2010.21419","article-title":"Knowing your lines but missing your cue: Rostral prefrontal lesions impair prospective memory cue detection, but not action-intention superiority.","volume":"22","author":"Uretzky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16618","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016618","article-title":"Transparent meta-analysis: Does aging spare prospective memory with focal vs. non-focal cues?","volume":"6","author":"Uttl","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq051","article-title":"What goes down must come up: Role of the posteromedial cortices in encoding and retrieval.","volume":"21","author":"Vannini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00178-2","article-title":"Mixed blocked\/event-related designs separate transient and sustained activity in fMRI.","volume":"19","author":"Visscher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2009.07.009","article-title":"Meta-analysis of prospective memory in schizophrenia: Nature, extent, and correlates.","volume":"114","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Research"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2005.05.003","article-title":"The effects of working memory demands on the neural correlates of prospective memory.","volume":"44","author":"West","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193795","article-title":"Disruptions of preparatory attention contribute to failures of prospective memory.","volume":"12","author":"West","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin and Review"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.3758\/CABN.2.2.162","article-title":"Neural correlates of the formation and realization of delayed intentions.","volume":"2","author":"West","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cognitive Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022810","article-title":"When goals collide: The interaction between prospective memory and task switching.","volume":"65","author":"West","year":"2011","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"2021072913192601100_R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1193125","article-title":"Greater neural pattern similarity across repetitions is associated with better memory.","volume":"330","author":"Xue","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/24\/1\/93\/1943604\/jocn_a_00094.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/24\/1\/93\/1943604\/jocn_a_00094.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T13:31:56Z","timestamp":1627565516000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article\/24\/1\/93\/85574\/Similarity-between-Brain-Activity-at-Encoding-and"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/jocn_a_00094","relation":{},"ISSN":["0898-929X","1530-8898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0898-929X","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-8898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]}}}