{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T18:54:45Z","timestamp":1777488885290,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Stopping an action requires suppression of the primary motor cortex (M1). Inhibitory control over M1 relies on a network including the right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC) and the supplementary motor complex (SMC), but how these regions interact to exert inhibitory control over M1 is unknown. Specifically, the hierarchical position of the rIFC and SMC with respect to each other, the routes by which these regions control M1, and the causal involvement of these regions in proactive and reactive inhibition remain unclear. We used off-line repetitive TMS to perturb neural activity in the rIFC and SMC followed by fMRI to examine effects on activation in the networks involved in proactive and reactive inhibition, as assessed with a modified stop-signal task. We found repetitive TMS effects on reactive inhibition only. rIFC and SMC stimulation shortened the stop-signal RT (SSRT) and a shorter SSRT was associated with increased M1 deactivation. Furthermore, rIFC and SMC stimulation increased right striatal activation, implicating frontostriatal pathways in reactive inhibition. Finally, rIFC stimulation altered SMC activation, but SMC stimulation did not alter rIFC activation, indicating that rIFC lies upstream from SMC. These findings extend our knowledge about the functional organization of inhibitory control, an important component of executive functioning, showing that rIFC exerts reactive control over M1 via SMC and right striatum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,15]],"date-time":"2012-10-15T17:37:03Z","timestamp":1350322623000},"page":"157-174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Functional MRI Reveal Cortical and Subcortical Interactions during Stop-signal Response Inhibition"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Bram B.","family":"Zandbelt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1University Medical Center Utrecht"},{"name":"2Vanderbilt University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirjam","family":"Bloemendaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University Medical Center Utrecht"},{"name":"3Radboud University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janna Marie","family":"Hoogendam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University Medical Center Utrecht"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9 S.","family":"Kahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University Medical Center Utrecht"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthijs","family":"Vink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University Medical Center Utrecht"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021072913281668800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.07.029","article-title":"Modulation of language areas with functional MR image-guided magnetic stimulation.","volume":"29","author":"Andoh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhm047","article-title":"Priming frequencies of transcranial magnetic stimulation over Wernicke's area modulate word detection.","volume":"18","author":"Andoh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.07.024","article-title":"From reactive to proactive and selective control: Developing a richer model for stopping inappropriate responses.","volume":"69","author":"Aron","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3743","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0519-07.2007","article-title":"Triangulating a cognitive control network using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional MRI.","volume":"27","author":"Aron","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2424","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4682-05.2006","article-title":"Cortical and subcortical contributions to stop signal response inhibition: Role of the subthalamic nucleus.","volume":"26","author":"Aron","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2667","article-title":"Is the rostro-caudal axis of the frontal lobe hierarchical?","volume":"10","author":"Badre","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.04.276","article-title":"Pinning down response inhibition in the brain\u2014Conjunction analyses of the stop-signal task.","volume":"52","author":"Boehler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R8","first-page":"76","article-title":"Explaining the many varieties of working memory variation: Dual mechanisms of cognitive control.","volume-title":"Variation in working memory","author":"Braver","year":"2007"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4882-09.2010","article-title":"A network centered on ventral premotor cortex exerts both facilitatory and inhibitory control over primary motor cortex during action reprogramming.","volume":"30","author":"Buch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5965","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.6292-10.2011","article-title":"A proactive mechanism for selective suppression of response tendencies.","volume":"31","author":"Cai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3638","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00685.2007","article-title":"Dissociable mechanisms of cognitive control in prefrontal and premotor cortex.","volume":"98","author":"Chambers","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R12","first-page":"444","article-title":"Executive \u201cbrake failure\u201d following deactivation of human frontal lobe.","volume":"18","author":"Chambers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2008.08.016","article-title":"Insights into the neural basis of response inhibition from cognitive and clinical neuroscience.","volume":"33","author":"Chambers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-10-75","article-title":"Activation of the pre-supplementary motor area but not inferior prefrontal cortex in association with short stop signal reaction time\u2014An intra-subject analysis.","volume":"10","author":"Chao","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.09.005","article-title":"Control of prepotent responses by the superior medial frontal cortex.","volume":"44","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14657","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2669-10.2010","article-title":"Supplementary motor area exerts proactive and reactive control of arm movements.","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15870","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3645-09.2009","article-title":"Preparation to inhibit a response complements response inhibition during performance of a stop-signal task.","volume":"29","author":"Chikazoe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.04.017","article-title":"The reorienting system of the human brain: From environment to theory of mind.","volume":"58","author":"Corbetta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn755","article-title":"Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain.","volume":"3","author":"Corbetta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3371","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01334.2005","article-title":"Intracortical inhibition during volitional inhibition of prepared action.","volume":"95","author":"Coxon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2480","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01284.2006","article-title":"Selective inhibition of movement.","volume":"97","author":"Coxon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-006-0472-0","article-title":"The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cortical inhibition in healthy human subjects.","volume":"174","author":"Daskalakis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1038\/72991","article-title":"A multimodal cortical network for the detection of changes in the sensory environment.","volume":"3","author":"Downar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10171","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1300-09.2009","article-title":"Functional connectivity delineates distinct roles of the inferior frontal cortex and presupplementary motor area in stop signal inhibition.","volume":"29","author":"Duann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1992.sp019243","article-title":"Interhemispheric inhibition of the human motor cortex.","volume":"453","author":"Ferbert","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.03.048","article-title":"Dynamic intra- and interhemispheric interactions during unilateral and bilateral hand movements assessed with fMRI and DCM.","volume":"41","author":"Grefkes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1038\/nn0901-953","article-title":"Enhanced visual spatial attention ipsilateral to rTMS-induced \u201cvirtual lesions\u201d of human parietal cortex.","volume":"4","author":"Hilgetag","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2009.10.005","article-title":"Physiology of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human brain.","volume":"3","author":"Hoogendam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Stimulation"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.03.059","article-title":"Modulating inhibitory control with direct current stimulation of the superior medial frontal cortex.","volume":"56","author":"Hsu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15535","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2825-10.2010","article-title":"Strengthening of top\u2013down frontal cognitive control networks underlying the development of inhibitory control: A functional magnetic resonance imaging effective connectivity study.","volume":"30","author":"Hwang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7209","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0487-08.2008","article-title":"Role for subthalamic nucleus neurons in switching from automatic to controlled eye movement.","volume":"28","author":"Isoda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10867","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-34-10867.2003","article-title":"Priming stimulation enhances the depressant effect of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.","volume":"23","author":"Iyer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3380","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00020","article-title":"Activation of inhibition: Diminishing impulsive behavior by direct current stimulation over the inferior frontal gyrus.","volume":"23","author":"Jacobson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2009.21307","article-title":"Responding with restraint: What are the neurocognitive mechanisms?","volume":"22","author":"Jahfari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6891","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5253-10.2011","article-title":"Effective connectivity reveals important roles for both the hyperdirect (fronto-subthalamic) and the indirect (fronto-striatal-pallidal) fronto-basal ganglia pathways during response inhibition.","volume":"31","author":"Jahfari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(00)00518-6","article-title":"A safety screening questionnaire for transcranial magnetic stimulation.","volume":"112","author":"Keel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.01.019","article-title":"The cortical motor threshold reflects microstructural properties of cerebral white matter.","volume":"40","author":"Kloppel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2007.04.005","article-title":"An information theoretical approach to prefrontal executive function.","volume":"11","author":"Koechlin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1037\/h0021266","article-title":"Use of a delayed signal to stop a visual reaction-time response.","volume":"72","author":"Lappin","year":"1966","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9893","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2837-07.2007","article-title":"Common and differential ventrolateral prefrontal activity during inhibition of hand and eye movements.","volume":"27","author":"Leung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3741-05.2006","article-title":"Imaging response inhibition in a stop-signal task: Neural correlates independent of signal monitoring and post-response processing.","volume":"26","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R42","first-page":"549","article-title":"Dependence and independence in responding to double stimulation. A comparison of stop, change, and dual-task paradigms.","volume":"12","author":"Logan","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.91.3.295","article-title":"On the ability to inhibit thought and action: A theory of an act of control.","volume":"91","author":"Logan","year":"1984","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210000432","article-title":"Interindividual variability of the modulatory effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cortical excitability.","volume":"133","author":"Maeda","year":"2000","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13670","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2064-10.2010","article-title":"Brain dynamics underlying training-induced improvement in suppressing inappropriate action.","volume":"30","author":"Manuel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6926","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1396-09.2009","article-title":"Short-latency influence of medial frontal cortex on primary motor cortex during action selection under conflict.","volume":"29","author":"Mars","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2972","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhm022","article-title":"On the programming and reprogramming of actions.","volume":"17","author":"Mars","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2009.03.004","article-title":"The mechanism of transcranial magnetic stimulation in cognition.","volume":"46","author":"Miniussi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhr187","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of subthalamic nuclei affects arm response inhibition in Parkinson's patients.","volume":"22","author":"Mirabella","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2003.09.014","article-title":"Stochastic resonance and sensory information processing: A tutorial and review of application.","volume":"115","author":"Moss","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.12.006","article-title":"A stereotactic method for image-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation validated with fMRI and motor-evoked potentials.","volume":"21","author":"Neggers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13240","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000674107","article-title":"Cortical and subcortical interactions during action reprogramming and their related white matter pathways.","volume":"107","author":"Neubert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A."},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4","article-title":"The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory.","volume":"9","author":"Oldfield","year":"1971","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2010.519266","article-title":"The case for use of simple difference scores to test the significance of differences in mean rates of change in controlled repeated measurements designs.","volume":"45","author":"Overall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Multivariate Behavioral Research"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.09.027","article-title":"Region of interest template for the human basal ganglia: Comparing EPI and standardized space approaches.","volume":"39","author":"Prodoehl","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2004.07.002","article-title":"Effects of stop-signal probability in the stop-signal paradigm: The N2\/P3 complex further validated.","volume":"56","author":"Ramautar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain and Cognition"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.02.091","article-title":"Probability effects in the stop-signal paradigm: The insula and the significance of failed inhibition.","volume":"1105","author":"Ramautar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(01)00693-9","article-title":"Subthreshold low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation selectively decreases facilitation in the motor cortex.","volume":"113","author":"Romero","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00275-1","article-title":"Right inferior prefrontal cortex mediates response inhibition while mesial prefrontal cortex is responsible for error detection.","volume":"20","author":"Rubia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R60","first-page":"18","article-title":"Physical principles of transcranial magnetic stimulation.","volume-title":"Handbook of transcranial magnetic stimulation","author":"Ruohonen","year":"2002"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.06.005","article-title":"The use of transcranial magnetic stimulation in cognitive neuroscience: A new synthesis of methodological issues.","volume":"35","author":"Sandrini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/01.yct.0000235924.60364.27","article-title":"A standardized motor threshold estimation procedure for transcranial magnetic stimulation research.","volume":"22","author":"Schutter","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Journal of ECT"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6106","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000175107","article-title":"Distinct frontal systems for response inhibition, attentional capture, and error processing.","volume":"107","author":"Sharp","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A."},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R64","first-page":"22","article-title":"The mini-international neuropsychiatric interview (M.I.N.I.): The development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10.","volume":"59(Suppl. 20)","author":"Sheehan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2008.11.002","article-title":"Consensus paper: Combining transcranial stimulation with neuroimaging.","volume":"2","author":"Siebner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Stimulation"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R66","first-page":"217","article-title":"Reliability, accuracy, and refractoriness of a transit reaction.","volume":"31","author":"Slater-Hammel","year":"1960","journal-title":"Research Quarterly"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0290","article-title":"Explaining and inducing savant skills: Privileged access to lower level, less-processed information.","volume":"364","author":"Snyder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological Sciences"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(01)00726-X","article-title":"Intra- and interindividual variability of motor responses to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.","volume":"113","author":"Sommer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1668","article-title":"Neuronal variability: Noise or part of the signal?","volume":"6","author":"Stein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2008.08.013","article-title":"Primary motor cortex and movement prevention: Where stop meets go.","volume":"33","author":"Stinear","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4520","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00067.2005","article-title":"Simple metric for scaling motor threshold based on scalp-cortex distance: Application to studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation.","volume":"94","author":"Stokes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1714","article-title":"Executive control of countermanding saccades by the supplementary eye field.","volume":"9","author":"Stuphorn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.09.049","article-title":"Roles for the pre-supplementary motor area and the right inferior frontal gyrus in stopping action: Electrophysiological responses and functional and structural connectivity.","volume":"59","author":"Swann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12675","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3359-09.2009","article-title":"Intracranial EEG reveals a time- and frequency-specific role for the right inferior frontal gyrus and primary motor cortex in stopping initiated responses.","volume":"29","author":"Swann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2009.21248","article-title":"Mechanisms and dynamics of cortical motor inhibition in the stop-signal paradigm: A TMS study.","volume":"22","author":"van den Wildenberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2006.18.4.626","article-title":"Stimulation of the subthalamic region facilitates the selection and inhibition of motor responses in Parkinson's disease.","volume":"18","author":"van den Wildenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13966","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1001957107","article-title":"Theta burst stimulation dissociates attention and action updating in human inferior frontal cortex.","volume":"107","author":"Verbruggen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A."},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2008.07.005","article-title":"Response inhibition in the stop-signal paradigm.","volume":"12","author":"Verbruggen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2008.08.014","article-title":"Models of response inhibition in the stop-signal and stop-change paradigms.","volume":"33","author":"Verbruggen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R80","first-page":"835","article-title":"Proactive adjustments of response strategies in the stop-signal paradigm.","volume":"35","author":"Verbruggen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R81","first-page":"835","article-title":"Proactive adjustments of response strategies in the stop-signal paradigm.","volume":"35","author":"Verbruggen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20111","article-title":"Function of striatum beyond inhibition and execution of motor responses.","volume":"25","author":"Vink","year":"2005","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.11.026","article-title":"Striatal dysfunction in schizophrenia and unaffected relatives.","volume":"60","author":"Vink","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1038\/35036239","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation and cognitive neuroscience.","volume":"1","author":"Walsh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9216","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4499-09.2010","article-title":"Low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation over left dorsal premotor cortex improves the dynamic control of visuospatially cued actions.","volume":"30","author":"Ward","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.11.1795","article-title":"Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on ipsilateral muscles.","volume":"41","author":"Wassermann","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2700","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5011-09.2010","article-title":"Saccade suppression by electrical microstimulation in monkey caudate nucleus.","volume":"30","author":"Watanabe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R88","article-title":"Expectations and violations: Delineating the neural network of proactive inhibitory control.","author":"Zandbelt","year":"","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S74","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(09)70478-1","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation alters resting-state functional connectivity.","volume":"47(Suppl. 1)","author":"Zandbelt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.07.028","article-title":"Reduced proactive inhibition in schizophrenia is related to corticostriatal dysfunction and poor working memory.","volume":"70","author":"Zandbelt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"2021072913281668800_R91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13848","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013848","article-title":"On the role of the striatum in response inhibition.","volume":"11","author":"Zandbelt","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/25\/2\/157\/1945054\/jocn_a_00309.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article-pdf\/25\/2\/157\/1945054\/jocn_a_00309.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T14:20:25Z","timestamp":1627568425000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/jocn\/article\/25\/2\/157\/27888\/Transcranial-Magnetic-Stimulation-and-Functional"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/jocn_a_00309","relation":{},"ISSN":["0898-929X","1530-8898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0898-929X","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-8898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]]}}}