{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T16:56:17Z","timestamp":1763830577968},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MIT Press - Journals","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Most studies of conceptual knowledge in the brain focus on a narrow range of concrete conceptual categories, rely on the researchers' intuitions about which object belongs to these categories, and assume a broadly taxonomic organization of knowledge. In this fMRI study, we focus on concepts with a variety of concreteness levels; we use a state of the art lexical resource (WordNet 3.1) as the source for a relatively large number of category distinctions and compare a taxonomic style of organization with a domain-based model (an example domain is Law). Participants mentally simulated situations associated with concepts when cued by text stimuli. Using multivariate pattern analysis, we find evidence that all Taxonomic categories and Domains can be distinguished from fMRI data and also observe a clear concreteness effect: Tools and Locations can be reliably predicted for unseen participants, but less concrete categories (e.g., Attributes, Communications, Events, Social Roles) can only be reliably discriminated within participants. A second concreteness effect relates to the interaction of Domain and Taxonomic category membership: Domain (e.g., relation to Law vs. Music) can be better predicted for less concrete categories. We repeated the analysis within anatomical regions, observing discrimination between all\/most categories in the left mid occipital and left mid temporal gyri, and more specialized discrimination for concrete categories Tool and Location in the left precentral and fusiform gyri, respectively. Highly concrete\/abstract Taxonomic categories and Domain were segregated in frontal regions. We conclude that both Taxonomic and Domain class distinctions are relevant for interpreting neural structuring of concrete and abstract concepts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,29]],"date-time":"2013-10-29T17:40:09Z","timestamp":1383068409000},"page":"658-681","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Discriminating Taxonomic Categories and Domains in Mental Simulations of Concepts of Varying Concreteness"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1University of Trento"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Carnegie Mellon University"},{"name":"4Queen's University, Belfast"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Poesio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University of Trento"},{"name":"3University of Essex"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021073000385561000_R1","first-page":"1960","article-title":"Of words, eyes and brains: Correlating image-based distributional semantic models with neural representations of concepts.","volume-title":"Proceedings of EMNLP 2013","author":"Anderson","year":"2013"},{"key":"2021073000385561000_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2010.21567","article-title":"Differential activity for animals and manipulable objects in the anterior temporal lobes.","volume":"8","author":"Anzellotti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"2021073000385561000_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03195471","article-title":"Word naming times and psycholinguistic norms for Italian nouns.","volume":"34","author":"Barca","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers"},{"key":"2021073000385561000_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X99002149","article-title":"Perceptual symbol systems.","volume":"22","author":"Barsalou","year":"1999","journal-title":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences"},{"key":"2021073000385561000_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511499968.007","article-title":"Situating abstract concepts.","volume-title":"Grounding cognition: The role of perception and action in memory, language, and thinking","author":"Barsalou","year":"2005"},{"key":"2021073000385561000_R6","first-page":"101","article-title":"Revising WordNet domains hierarchy: Semantics, coverage, and balancing.","volume-title":"Proceedings of COLING 2004 Workshop on \u201cMultilingual Linguistic Resources,\u201d","author":"Bentivogli","year":"2004"},{"key":"2021073000385561000_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2011.10.001","article-title":"The neurobiology of semantic memory.","volume":"15","author":"Binder","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Science"},{"key":"2021073000385561000_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp055","article-title":"Where is the semantic system? 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